Species records of Ephemeroptera (Insecta) nymphs in the Gediz River basinwith a new record for the Turkish fauna: Labiobaetis atrebatinus Eaton, 1870

Abstract

Introduction Species belonging to the Ephemeroptera order are known as the oldest and most primitive winged insects, having existed since the time of the Carboniferous and Permian. They show a hemimetabolous development and spend most of their life in fresh waters as nymphs (Brittain and Sartori, 2003). Ephemeroptera nymphs play a very important role in the aquatic food chain, especially in secondary production, since a large majority of them are herbivores, feeding on detritus or algae, and they are present in almost all kinds of fresh waters throughout the year (Zelinka, 1984; Brittain and Sartori, 2003). However, they are very sensitive to water pollution and therefore have been used as bioindicator organisms in several biotic indexes and methods (Elliott et al., 1988; Moog et al., 1997). Since Ephemeroptera is known as one of the oldest insect orders and the species have some limitations on their distribution such as having a short life span, weak flight ability in the adult stage, and a fully aquatic nymphal stage, they are one of the most important groups used in zoogeographical studies (Brittain, 1982; Kazancı, 2001a, 2001b). The Gediz River basin has an important location due to its very close geographical position to a migration route between Europe and Anatolia since the glacial age. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the Ephemeroptera fauna of the Gediz River basin and contribute to the knowledge of the Ephemeroptera fauna of Turkey. 2. Materials and methods A total of 3801 Ephemeroptera nymph specimens were collected from different parts and habitats of the Gediz River basin by sieves (pore size 1, 1.4, and 2 mm) and hand net between July 2011 and October 2012 (Figure 1). Specimens were preserved in 70% ethanol solution and examined with a Leica DM LS2 trinocular microscope and a Leica MZ 12.5 trinocular stereomicroscope. All of the specimens were preserved in the Zoological Museum of Anadolu University (AUZM), Eskişehir. The specimens were identified according to the keys and descriptions from the works of Bauernfeind (

An annotated catalogue of the mayfly fauna of Turkey (Insecta, Ephemeroptera)

“…Hatay [as Baetis bioculatus Linnaeus, 1758 (Verrier 1955)]; Ankara, Ağrı, Balıkesir, Bayburt, Bingöl, Erzurum, Erzincan, Hatay, Kars, Muş, Tekirdağ (Kazancı 1985a); Tekirdağ (Tanatmış 1997); Afyon (Kazancı 1998b); Balıkesir (Tanatmış 2000); Erzincan, Erzurum, Gümüşhane, Kars (Kazancı 2001a); Bursa, Kütahya (Tanatmış 2002); Bolu, Karabük, Zonguldak (Tanatmış 2004a); Kastamonu, Sinop (Tanatmış 2004b); Balıkesir, Çanakkale (Narin and Tanatmış 2004); Sinop (Ertorun and Tanatmış 2004); Bartın (Tanatmış and Ertorun 2006); Düzce, Zonguldak (Tanatmış 2007); Ankara (Kazancı and Girgin 2008); Bolu (Kazancı and Türkmen 2008a); Bolu (Kazancı and Türkmen 2008b); Giresun, Gümüşhane, Rize, Trabzon (Türkmen and Kazancı 2015); İzmir, Manisa (Aydınlı and Ertorun 2015); listed from Turkey: Tanatmış (1999); Kazancı (2001b); Kazancı and Türkmen (2012); Eastern Black Sea Basin (Türkmen and Kazancı 2013). …”

“…Elazığ (Berker 1981); Ankara, Erzincan (Kazancı 1984); Sivas (Koch 1985); Ankara, Bolu, Eskişehir, Kütahya (Tanatmış 1995); Edirne, İstanbul, Kırklareli, Tekirdağ (Tanatmış 1997); Balıkesir, Bursa, Kütahya (Tanatmış 2000); Erzincan, Erzurum (Kazancı 2001a); Kırşehir, Konya (Kazancı 2001b); Bursa, Kütahya (Tanatmış 2002); Bolu, Karabük, Kastamonu, Zonguldak (Tanatmış 2004a); Kastamonu, Sinop (Tanatmış 2004b); Balıkesir (Narin and Tanatmış 2004); Sinop (Ertorun and Tanatmış 2004); Bartın (Tanatmış and Ertorun 2006); Düzce (Tanatmış 2007); Sinop (Tanatmış and Ertorun 2008); Afyon, Konya (Özyurt and Tanatmış 2011); Malatya (Aydınlı 2013); İzmir, Kütahya, Manisa, Uşak (Aydınlı and Ertorun 2015); listed from Turkey: Tanatmış (1999); Kazancı and Türkmen (2012).…”

“…Antalya, Osmaniye (Puthz 1972); Elazığ (Berker 1981); Ankara, Balıkesir, Bayburt, Bingöl, Erzurum, Hakkari, Kars, Muş, Van (Kazancı 1984); Hatay (Koch 1988); Ankara, Bilecik, Bolu, Bursa, Eskişehir, Kütahya, Sakarya (Tanatmış 1995); Çanakkale, Edirne, İstanbul, Kırklareli, Tekirdağ (Tanatmış 1997); Balıkesir, Kütahya (Tanatmış 2000); Konya (Kazancı 2001b); Bursa, Kütahya (Tanatmış 2002); Bolu, Karabük, Kastamonu, Zonguldak (Tanatmış 2004a); Kastamonu, Sinop (Tanatmış 2004b); Balıkesir, Çanakkale (Narin and Tanatmış 2004); Sinop (Ertorun and Tanatmış 2004); Bartın (Tanatmış and Ertorun 2006); Düzce, Zonguldak (Tanatmış 2007); Ankara (Kazancı and Girgin 2008); Bolu (Kazancı and Türkmen 2008a); Bolu (Kazancı and Türkmen 2008b); Sinop (Tanatmış and Ertorun, 2008); Çankırı (Kazancı 2009); Balıkesir (Türkmen and Özkan 2011); Afyon, Konya (Özyurt and Tanatmış 2011); Tokat (Kazancı et al 2012); Malatya (Aydınlı 2013); Giresun, Gümüşhane, Rize, Trabzon (Türkmen and Kazancı 2015); İzmir, Kütahya, Manisa, Uşak (Aydınlı and Ertorun 2015); listed from Turkey: Tanatmış (1999); Kazancı and Türkmen (2012); Eastern Black Sea Basin (Türkmen and Kazancı 2013). …”

“…Bingöl, Van (Kazancı 1984); Muğla (Kazancı et al 1992); Ankara, Bilecik, Bolu, Bursa, Eskişehir, Kütahya, Sakarya (Tanatmış 1995); İstanbul, Kırklareli, Tekirdağ (Tanatmış 1997); Balıkesir, Kütahya (Tanatmış 2000); Artvin, Erzincan, Erzurum, Kars (Kazancı 2001a); Kütahya (Tanatmış 2002); Bolu, Karabük, Kastamonu, Zonguldak (Tanatmış 2004a); Kastamonu, Sinop (Tanatmış 2004b); Sinop (Ertorun and Tanatmış 2004); Bartın (Tanatmış and Ertorun 2006); Düzce, Zonguldak (Tanatmış 2007); Bolu (Kazancı and Türkmen 2008a); Bolu (Kazancı and Türkmen 2008b); Sinop (Tanatmış and Ertorun 2008); Balıkesir (Türkmen and Özkan 2011); Afyon, Konya (Özyurt and Tanatmış 2011); Giresun, Rize, Trabzon (as A. muticus ) (Türkmen and Kazancı 2015); Kütahya, Manisa (Aydınlı and Ertorun 2015); listed from Turkey: Tanatmış (1999); Kazancı (2001b); Kazancı and Türkmen (2012); Eastern Black Sea Basin (Türkmen and Kazancı 2013). …”

“…Samsun (Kazancı 1984); Sivas (Koch 1985); Ankara (Kazancı 2001b); Manisa (Aydınlı and Ertorun 2015); listed from Turkey: Tanatmış (1999); Kazancı and Türkmen (2012).…”