Species Variation on Gross Morphology and Gross Morphometry of Accessory Sex Glands in One-Humped Camel Bull (Camelus dromedarius), Uda Ram and Red Sokoto Buck

comparative morphological study of the accessory sex glands of immature and mature local breed donkey (Equus asinus)

“…Our study revealed that the vesicular glands of immature and mature male donkey were elongated bilateteral apperantly lobulated glands, located laterally to the urinary bladder, this result similar to those reports by Colville and Bassert (2002) in tomcat and dogs, Mahmud et al, 2016) in ram and buck, and Nissar et al (2012) in Boar. Meanwhile Smith et al (2008) in camel, Khalaf (2009), Youngquist and Threlfall (2007), Gofur (2015) in small ruminants, and Budras et al (2003) in stallion they reported that the glands are located dorsolateral for urinary bladder, the current study suggests that differences in position of lobe of vesicular gland could be related with status of fullness or empty of urinary bladder.…”

“…Our result showed that the shape, position and relation of the ampulla of ductus deferens is similar to those recorded in other mammals especially it well developed in dog (Budras, 2010), in tom cat (Abood et al,2019), in male indigenous gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) (Mohammed and Doohi 2017), in monkey (Ramos, 1979), in Marca's marmoset (Mico marcai), (de Siqueira et al, 2018), in bull (Hassan, 2021), in ram, red sokoto buck and one-humped camel bull (Mahmud et al, 2016), in ram (Ovis aris) and buck (Caprus hircus) (Khalaf, 2009), in camel, while absents of ampulla is recorded by cats and boar (Frandson et al, 2009;Dyce et al, 2009). The current study suggest that the ampulla is first gland the add it's part of the seminal plasma with significant differences between the dimensions of the adult and immature, the dimensions of ampulla of current study were lower those recoded in Gazella by Mohammed and Doohi (2017), in bull Hassan (2021) and in one humped camel (Mahmud et al, 2016). While the dimension of ampulla in ram was lower than those recoded in ram and buck (Khalaf, 2009), these difference always belonged species difference.…”

“…On the other hand in local breed donkey the prostate had stable position, so this result disagrre with reports of Marty et al, (2003) and Manuel andFrancisca (2019, Smith (2008), Evans, and De Lahunta, (2013) whom mentioned that in male dogs, the prostate glands is seen in the pelvic region, while in mature dogs will become abdominal as the prostate enlarges in older dogs. The current study showed that the prostate of local breed donkey was without disseminate part, such result is similar some mammals species such as horse (Dyce et al, 2009), tomcat (Abood et al, 2019), and current result dissimilar prostate of ram, buck and camel at which gland is consisted of only disseminate parts which extending along the pelvic urethra (Khalaf, 2009;Farooqui, 2004;Gofur, 2015), in one-humped camel the prostate gland it is the largest accessory sex gland consisted of a dorsal body and ventral disseminate part overlying the prostatic urethra (Mahmud et al, 2016), while in adult bull the prostate has body and disseminate part (Hassan, 2021;Adhikary et al, 2015) , the prostate gland of gazelle is consisted of disseminated part only (Mohammed and Doohi 2017).There significant differences between the dimensions of adult prostate and those in immature, the dimension of prostate in adult donkey similar that recorded by Hassan (2021) in bull which showed lower dimensions, while the prostate gland in stallion is larger (5-8 cm) in long, (2-3 cm) in wide and (1-2 cm) thick (Davies, 2003;Dascanio and McCue, 2014).…”

“…Incomplete number of accessory sex glands is recorded in other mammalian species such the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis) which contained only the prostate and bulbourethral glands (Machado et al, 2020). However (Mahmud et al, 2016) in ram, red sokoto buck and one-humped recorded that the accessory glands composed of three glands that the ampulla, prostate and bulbourethral glands (Khalaf, 2009) recorded in ram (Ovis aris) and buck (Caprus hircus) only the ampulla of ductus, seminal vesicle and bulbourethral glands. In canine and feline species the number of accessory sex gland was the fewer which recorded only the ampulla of ductus deferens and prostate glands (Abood et al, 2019;Ozkadif et al, 2009;Johnston,2001;Dimitrov et al, 2010;Dyce et al, 2009).…”

“…The prostate glands are consisted of only disseminated or scattered parts extending along the pelvic urethra in uda ram, red sokoto buck, while prostate glands in one-humped camel is the largest accessory sex gland which situated on the dorsolateral aspect of the pelvic urethra above the ischial arch with a thick inter glandular septum between them and it is almond in shape. On the other hand, the vesicular gland is absent in one-humped camel and more pronounced (Largest, markedly lobulated and dark-greyed in color) in the uda ram and red sokoto buck (Mahmud et al, 2016). Ampulla of ductus, seminal vesicle and bulbourethral glands are observed in ram (Ovis aris) and buck (Caprus hircus) by Khalaf (2009 and it presents as a paired in number and well developed, while prostate gland has only disseminated part which embedded in pelvic urethral wall and absent the body of gland (Mohammed and Doohi, 2017) .…”