Specific capture of glycosylated graphene oxide by an asialoglycoprotein receptor: a strategic approach for liver-targeting

Abstract

In this work, we report the evaluation of lactosylated graphene oxide (GO-AL) as a potential drug carrier targeted at an asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) from hepatic cancer cells.

Albumin-Albumin/Lactosylated Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Therapy to Treat Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Controlled Delivery of Doxorubicin

“…Previously, we reported BSALac nanoparticles synthesized by alcoholic desolvation with the characteristic of being recognized with RCA I [ 24 ]. Diaz-Galvez et al, 2019, obtained similar results when using lactosylated graphene oxide (OGALac) was recognized by RCA I, corroborating that the synthesis allowed an appropriated functionalization [ 47 ]. These results indicate that galactose closed-ring structure (essential for RCA I interaction) was not modified by the synthesis.…”

“…RCA I interaction with the galactose residues from nanoparticles was analyzed by enzyme-linked lectin recognition assay (ELLA) [ 24 , 47 ]. In Figure 5 , the absorbances obtained from LC tBSA/BSALac-Dox NPs and HC tBSA/BSALac-Dox NPs were 0.20 ± 0.02 and 0.21 ± 0.03, respectively, demonstrating the biorecognition of lectin for galactose residues in its structure.…”

“…In vitro cytotoxicity of Dox loaded in either LC tBSA-Dox NPs, LC tBSA/BSALac-Dox NPs, HC tBSA-Dox NPs or HC tBSA/BSALac-Dox NPs and free Dox in HepG2 cells was assessed using a colorimetric assay ( Figure 6 ) [ 47 ]. Nanoparticles without Dox (LC tBSA NPs, LC tBSA/BSALac NPs, HC tBSA NPs and HC tBSA/BSALac NPs) were evaluated as a control to determine the non-cytotoxicity of the nanocarrier.…”

“…After 48 h, the medium was replaced with fresh serum-free DMEM containing nanoparticle loaded with of 0–10 μg/mL of Dox or free Dox 0–10 μg/mL for an additional another 24 h. As a control was evaluated nanoparticles without Dox at different concentrations (0–200 μg/mL). Then, MTT (5 mg/mL) was added and the cells were incubated for 4 h. The formazan crystals formed were re-suspended with isopropanol and the absorbances were read at 570 nm [ 47 ]. The cytotoxic activity was reported as IC50 values.…”

Molecular docking and statistical optimization of taurocholate-stabilized galactose anchored bilosomes for the enhancement of sofosbuvir absorption and hepatic relative targeting efficiency

“…The presence of these receptors could provide a way for the specific pick-up of bilosomes to achieve liver targeting. Also, galactose was previously utilized to chemically modify different types of nanovesicles to enhance liver targeting of the encapsulated drug (Maepa et al., 2018 ; Pathak et al., 2018 ; Diaz-Galvez et al, 2019 ; Patil et al., 2019 ). It has specific receptors on the hepatocytes (Asialoglycoproteins: ASGPR) and consequently, it acts as a vector for the active targeting of the drug encapsulated in the galactosylated nanovesicular carrier (Tanaka et al., 2017 ; Maepa et al., 2018 ).…”