Specification of CNS glia from neural stem cells in the embryonic neuroepithelium

Kessaris, Nicoletta; Pringle, Nigel; Richardson, William D.

doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.2013

Cited by 115 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…104 Unlike Olig2 that seems essential for oligodendrocyte development, initial evidence indicates a redundant, non-essential function for Olig1. 105 However, more recent work with the Olig1 mutant mice questions the previous data and suggests that Olig1 is, in fact, a central regulator of oligodendrocyte maturation and myelinogenesis. 106 Another bHLH gene that has recently been found to play a role in oligodendrocyte development is the proneural gene Mash1.…”

Section: Mechanisms For Timing Neural Specificationmentioning

confidence: 79%

Dynamic signaling for neural stem cell fate determination

Wen

Liu

2009

Cell Adhesion & Migration

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Central nervous system (CNS) development starts from neural stem cells (NSCs) which ultimately give rise to the three major cell types (neurons, oligodendrocytes and astrocytes) of the CNS. NSCs are specified in space-and time-related fashions, becoming spatially heterogeneous and generating a progressively restricted repertoire of cell types. Mammalian NSCs produce different cell types at different time points during development under the influence of multiple signaling pathways. These pathways act in a dynamic web mode to determine the fate of NSCs via modulating the expression and activity of distinct set of transcription factors which in turn trigger the transcription of neural fate-associated genes. This review thus introduces the major signal pathways, transcription factors and their cross-talks and coordinative interactions in NSC fate determination.

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Section: Mechanisms For Timing Neural Specificationmentioning

confidence: 79%

Dynamic signaling for neural stem cell fate determination

Wen

Liu

2009

Cell Adhesion & Migration

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“…Early in development, NEPs generate all types of neurons and glia. At later stages, neuroepithelial precursor potential becomes restricted to glia (Kessaris et al, 2008). All of the factors that drive this neuron-glial switch are not known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α1-Adrenergic Receptors Regulate Neurogenesis and Gliogenesis

Gupta¹,

Papay²,

Jurgens³

et al. 2009

Molecular Pharmacology

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The understanding of the function of ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptors in the brain has been limited due to a lack of specific ligands and antibodies. We circumvented this problem by using transgenic mice engineered to overexpress either wild-type receptor tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein or constitutively active mutant ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptor subtypes in tissues in which they are normally expressed. We identified intriguing ␣ 1A -adrenergic receptor subtype-expressing cells with a migratory morphology in the adult subventricular zone that coexpressed markers of neural stem cell and/or progenitors. Incorporation of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine in vivo increased in neurogenic areas in adult ␣ 1A -adrenergic receptor transgenic mice or normal mice given the ␣ 1A -adrenergic receptor-selective agonist, cirazoline. Neonatal neurospheres isolated from normal mice expressed a mixture of ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptor subtypes, and stimulation of these receptors resulted in increased expression of the ␣ 1B -adrenergic receptor subtype, proneural basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, and the differentiation and migration of neuronal progenitors for catecholaminergic neurons and interneurons. ␣ 1 -Adrenergic receptor stimulation increased the apoptosis of astrocytes and regulated survival of neonatal neurons through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling. However, in adult normal neurospheres, ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptor stimulation increased the expression of glial markers at the expense of neuronal differentiation. In vivo, S100-positive glial and ␤III tubulin neuronal progenitors colocalized with either ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptor subtype in the olfactory bulb. Our results indicate that ␣ 1 -adrenergic receptors can regulate both neurogenesis and gliogenesis that may be developmentally dependent. Our findings may lead to new therapies to treat neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…All neurons and glial cells of the developing central nervous system (CNS) originate from neuroepithelial cells in the walls of the embryonic neural tube (Kessaris et al 2008). Although it was first thought that neurons and glial cells might derive from different progenitor cells, recent studies now suggest that neural stem cells are equivalent to the radial glial cells, which for many years were regarded as a specialized type of glial cell (Doetsch et al 1999a, b;Seri et al 2001;Sottile et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radial glial cells and the lamination of the cerebellar cortex

Zhang

Niu

et al. 2010

Brain Struct Funct

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Radial glial cells are stem cells that play an important role in neuronal migration and proliferation in the developing brain. However, how radial glial cells contribute to the lamination of the cerebellar cortex is not well understood. We therefore used immunohistochemistry and BrdU labeling to follow radial glial cell differentiation, cell migration and cerebellar cortex development in mice from embryonic day 8 to postnatal day 180. We report that radial glial cells represent the stem cell population of the neuroepithelium of the neural tube, and act as progenitors for both neurons and neuroglia. In addition, radial glial cells not only give rise to the principal cells of the cerebellar cortex, the Purkinje and granule cells, but they also provide a scaffold for the migration of these cells. We conclude that radial glial cells play a pivotal role in establishing the laminar structure of the cerebellar cortex.

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Specification of CNS glia from neural stem cells in the embryonic neuroepithelium

Cited by 115 publications

References 152 publications

Dynamic signaling for neural stem cell fate determination

Dynamic signaling for neural stem cell fate determination

α1-Adrenergic Receptors Regulate Neurogenesis and Gliogenesis

Radial glial cells and the lamination of the cerebellar cortex

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