Specification of the Basic Body Pattern in Insect Embryogenesis

Sander, Klaus

doi:10.1016/s0065-2806(08)60255-6

Cited by 413 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Such differential uv sensitivity, observed also in other insect eggs (Seidel, 1961;Jung, 1971), is noteworthy beeause it could bias mean values calculated from irradiations spread over regions eovering a gradient in uv sensitivity (see Fig. 13 in Sander, 1976); the bias would be toward the region with maximum uv sensitivity, represented in our data by profile 10 (highest preadult mortality and highest adult defect frequency). Yet, the calculated centers should remain within the limits of the respective segment anlagen, and therefore the resulting error cannot be very large.…”

Section: Dlscussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Localized ultraviolet laser microbeam irradiation of early Drosophila embryos: Fate maps based on location and frequency of adult defects

Lohs-Schardin

Sander

Cremer

et al. 1979

Developmental Biology

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Drosophila embryos were locally irradiated with a 257-nm laser mierobeam during blastoderm and germ band stages. Depending on stage and beam diameter (10-30 pm), from 0 to 45 nuclei were exposed to the uv radiation. The doses used, 5 or 10 erg, did not eliminate nuclei or cells at onee, but up to 50% of the adult survivors from irradiated eggs carried defects in the thorax. These were scored with reference to the imaginal discs from which the affected structures derive. For each thoracic disc a "target center" was calculated as the weighted mean value of all beam locations affecting the respective adult derivatives. The target centers for the germ band stage map within the respective germ band segments. The pattern of target centers for the blastoderm stage is comparable to the thoracic region of published fate maps, and the distances between adjacent leg centers (approximately three cell diameters) agree with recent evidence based on mosaic flies. We discuss the question whether the target centers mark the position of the respective disc progenitor cells at the stages of irradiation and conclude that these positions are rendered rather correctly at least with reference to the longitudinal egg aJcis.

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Section: Dlscussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Localized ultraviolet laser microbeam irradiation of early Drosophila embryos: Fate maps based on location and frequency of adult defects

Lohs-Schardin

Sander

Cremer

et al. 1979

Developmental Biology

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“…How can this lack of substantial posterior cell division-also reported in Sarazzin et al 14 -be reconciled with the idea that the posterior region of the blastoderm in sequentially segmenting insects gives rise to a greater proportion of the germband than the anterior 23 ? To explore the relative contributions of cell rearrangement and differential rates of cell division between anterior and posterior blastoderm cells, we traced the fate of small clones made at various positions along the blastoderm to their ultimate positions in the germband.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…This mode of segmentation is a derived condition within arthropods. The vast majority of arthropods elongate from a posterior region, the so-called growth zone 23,24 . As the name implies, elongation in the growth zone has been traditionally assumed to be due to high rates of cell division in the posterior [25][26][27][28] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing cell behaviours during beetle embryogenesis correlates with slowing of segmentation

Nakamoto

Hester²,

Constantinou

et al. 2015

Nat Commun

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Segmented animals are found in major clades as phylogenetically distant as vertebrates and arthropods. Typically, segments form sequentially in what has been thought to be a regular process, relying on a segmentation clock to pattern budding segments and posterior mitosis to generate axial elongation. Here we show that segmentation in Tribolium has phases of variable periodicity during which segments are added at different rates. Furthermore, elongation during a period of rapid posterior segment addition is driven by high rates of cell rearrangement, demonstrated by differential fates of marked anterior and posterior blastoderm cells. A computational model of this period successfully reproduces elongation through cell rearrangement in the absence of cell division. Unlike current models of steady-state sequential segmentation and elongation from a proliferative growth zone, our results indicate that cell behaviours are dynamic and variable, corresponding to differences in segmentation rate and giving rise to morphologically distinct regions of the embryo.

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“…Comparing embryonic expression profiles among six Drosophila species that split 40 Myr ago, Kalinka et al (2010) found that the extended germband stage has the most conserved expression profile; this stage is generally considered to be the arthropod phylotypic period (Sander, 1976). Meanwhile, by comparing D. melanogaster and A. gambiae and using expression analysis limited to transcription factor-coding genes, Schep and Adryan (2013) reported that there are two periods of high conservation peaks between these species, one at the extended germband stages as Kalinka et al reported, and the other at a later stage (stage 17 in Drosophila).…”

Section: The Morphological Features Of the Phylotypic Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

The developmental hourglass model: a predictor of the basic body plan?

2014

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The hourglass model of embryonic evolution predicts an hourglasslike divergence during animal embryogenesis -with embryos being more divergent at the earliest and latest stages but conserved during a mid-embryonic ( phylotypic) period that serves as a source of the basic body plan for animals within a phylum. Morphological observations have suggested hourglass-like divergence in various vertebrate and invertebrate groups, and recent molecular data support this model. However, further investigation is required to determine whether the phylotypic period represents a basic body plan for each animal phylum, and whether this principle might apply at higher taxonomic levels. Here, we discuss the relationship between the basic body plan and the phylotypic stage, and address the possible mechanisms that underlie hourglass-like divergence.

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Specification of the Basic Body Pattern in Insect Embryogenesis

Cited by 413 publications

References 104 publications

Localized ultraviolet laser microbeam irradiation of early Drosophila embryos: Fate maps based on location and frequency of adult defects

Localized ultraviolet laser microbeam irradiation of early Drosophila embryos: Fate maps based on location and frequency of adult defects

Changing cell behaviours during beetle embryogenesis correlates with slowing of segmentation

The developmental hourglass model: a predictor of the basic body plan?

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