Spectral analysis of heart rate, arterial pressure, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity in normal humans

Nakata, Atsuo; Takata, Shigeo; Yuasa, Tomonori; Shimakura, Atsuhiro; Maruyama, Michiro; Nagai, Hideo; Sakagami, Satoru; Kobayashi, Kenichi

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1998.274.4.h1211

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…For example, LF SBP has been shown to increase during sympathetic activation, including orthostatic stress, such as lower body negative pressure (7,41,52) and upright tilt (9,20), infusion of vasoactive drugs such as nitroprusside (41), and hypovolemia (26). Similarly, LF SBP power has been shown to decrease significantly during ganglionic blockade in normal subjects (15,32,56) and in patients with essential hypertension and multiple system atrophy (15), indicating that it is largely mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. Finally, LF SBP and LF MSNA power exhibited similar increases and decreases during pharmacological infusions of sodium nitroprusside and phenylephrine, respectively (36), and coherence analysis has quantifiably demonstrated that patterns in LF SBP and LF MSNA are correlated at baseline (18,20) and during HUT in humans (20), whereas HF SBP and HF MSNA are not highly correlated (18).…”

Section: Lf Sbp -Lf Spike Rate Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HF range of the BP variability contains the range of frequencies associated with normal breathing rhythms. Ganglionic blockade has little or no effect on HF BP , suggesting that these oscillations are unrelated to the sympathetic activity and primarily due to changes in intrathoracic pressure caused by the mechanical aspects of respiration (15,32,56).…”

Section: Hf Sbp -Hf Resp Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The LF component of BP (LF BP ) oscillations is attenuated during ganglionic blockade in healthy subjects (15,32,56) and is absent in patients with pure autonomic failure with peripheral sympathetic nerve lesions (15,19), suggesting a sympathetic origin for this rhythm. On the other hand, the HF component of BP (HF BP ) fluctuations is unaffected by ganglionic blockade (15,32,56) and remains after thoracic sympathectomy in transplant patients (27). Additionally, the neurovascular interface has been suggested to possess low-pass characteristics that effectively filter out the HF components of sympathetic activity (12,25,43,55).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A simplified two-component model of blood pressure fluctuation

Brychta

Shiavi²,

Robertson³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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September 29, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00645.2006.-We propose a simple moving-average (MA) model that uses the low-frequency (LF) component of the peroneal muscle sympathetic nerve spike rate (LFspike rate) and the high-frequency (HF) component of respiration (HFResp) to describe the LF neurovascular fluctuations and the HF mechanical oscillations in systolic blood pressure (SBP), respectively. This method was validated by data from eight healthy subjects (23-47 yr old, 6 male, 2 female) during a graded tilt (15°increments every 5 min to a 60°angle). The LF component of SBP (LFSBP) had a strong baroreflex-mediated feedback correlation with LFspike rate (r ϭ Ϫ0.69 Ϯ 0.05) and also a strong feedforward relation to LFspike rate [r ϭ 0.58 Ϯ 0.03 with LFSBP delay () ϭ 5.625 Ϯ 0.15 s]. The HF components of spike rate (HFspike rate) and SBP (HFSBP) were not significantly correlated. Conversely, HFResp and HFSBP were highly correlated (r ϭ Ϫ0.79 Ϯ 0.04), whereas LFResp and LFSBP were significantly less correlated (r ϭ 0.45 Ϯ 0.08). The mean correlation coefficients between the measured and model-predicted LFSBP (r ϭ 0.74 Ϯ 0.03) in the supine position did not change significantly during tilt. The mean correlation between the measured and model-predicted HFSBP was 0.89 Ϯ 0.02 in the supine position. R 2 values for the regression analysis of the model-predicted and measured LF and HF powers indicate that 78 and 91% of the variability in power can be explained by the linear relation of LFspike rate to LFSBP and HFResp to HFSBP. We report a simple two-component model using neural sympathetic and mechanical respiratory inputs that can explain the majority of blood pressure fluctuation at rest and during orthostatic stress in healthy subjects. wavelet transform; blood pressure variability; Mayer waves; respiration; muscle sympathetic nerve activity VARIOUS RHYTHMIC OSCILLATIONS in human blood pressure (BP) have been proposed to reflect the action of different physiological mechanisms on BP regulation. For instance, it has been suggested that very low-frequency (VLF) trends (period Ͼ25 s, frequency Ͻ0.04 Hz) in BP represent the influence of hormonal regulation and thermoregulation and that high-frequency (HF, 0.15-0.4 Hz) fluctuations mark the effect of respiration on BP. A more hotly debated issue is the idea that low-frequency (LF, 0.04 -0.14 Hz) BP oscillations with a 10-s periodicity, generally referred to as Mayer waves, reflect sympathetically mediated vasomotor BP modulation. It has been proposed that the origin of these waves is a resonance phenomenon of the baroreflex pathway (12), and the LF power has been used as a marker of sympathetic activity (34,35,37), although this practice remains controversial (31, 48).Several lines of indirect evidence have been used to associate the oscillations in BP with oscillations in these other physiological rhythms. For example, physiological maneuvers have identified changes in the oscillatory patterns of sympathetic nerve activity and respiration that correspond to those in BP ...

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Section: Lf Sbp -Lf Spike Rate Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hf Sbp -Hf Resp Relationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A simplified two-component model of blood pressure fluctuation

Brychta

Shiavi²,

Robertson³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…The augmentation in LF ABP power appears to be synchronized with the efferent discharge of muscle sympathetic nerve activity [25,35] and is diminished by ·-adrenoceptor antagonists [2,22,35], ganglion blockade [38], or aortic and carotid sinus denervation [5]. Since this LF ABP oscillation, termed Mayer or vasomotor wave [29], is not affected by either heart rate or respiratory pattern [26,37], the increase in LF ABP variability has been related to sympathetically mediated tonic vasomotion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aging and Arterial Blood Pressure Variability during Orthostatic Challenge

et al. 2003

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Background: It has been demonstrated that a decrease in vagal cardiac function compromises arterial blood pressure (ABP) stability during orthostatic challenge. Augmentations in low-frequency (LF) ABP oscillations are indicative of this change in autonomic hemodynamic control. Aging is associated with diminished arterial baroreflex sensitivity and vagal cardiac dysfunction. However, the effect of aging on the stability of ABP during an orthostatic challenge remains to be elucidated. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate ABP stability with aging during central hypovolemia induced by lower-body negative pressure (LBNP). Methods: Graded LBNP up to –40 mm Hg was applied in 16 older (65 ± 3 years of age) and 16 younger (25 ± 3 years of age) healthy adults. ABP variability was analyzed by fast Fourier transform. LF spectral density (0.04–0.15 Hz) was extracted to provide an index of vasomotor responsiveness. Results: Both LF systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability and diastolic blood pressure variability were augmented with LBNP. The rate of increase in LF SBP variability was augmented significantly greater in older as compared with younger subjects (p = 0.049). In addition, LF SBP variability was inversely correlated with decreases in pulse pressure in both age groups (r = –0.84, p = 0.01). The magnitude of the decreases in SBP and pulse pressure during LBNP was significantly affected by age, with the largest changes occurring in older subjects. The altered ABP response that manifested in older individuals was associated with a significant diminution in the reflex tachycardiac response elicited by LBNP. Conclusions: Induction of central hypovolemia via graded LBNP augments LF ABP variability. This increased ABP variability is significantly greater in older individuals. Our data suggest that aging is associated with ABP instability during orthostatic challenge.

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“…29 However, recent laboratory studies of the spectral analysis of heart rate, arterial pressure, and muscle sympathetic activity in normal humans found that propranolol (0.2 mg/kg iv) increases burst incidence from 19.0±2.7 to 28.1±2.3 bursts/100 heartbeats. 30 The discrepancies between studies of the effect of propranolol are likely to be related to differences in propranolol dosage.…”

Section: Potential Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flecainide Augments Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Humans.

Nagata

2002

Circ J

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Spectral analysis of heart rate, arterial pressure, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity in normal humans

Cited by 30 publications

References 23 publications

A simplified two-component model of blood pressure fluctuation

A simplified two-component model of blood pressure fluctuation

Aging and Arterial Blood Pressure Variability during Orthostatic Challenge

Flecainide Augments Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Humans.

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