Spectral Analysis of Rectangular, Hanning, Hamming and Kaiser Window for Digital Fir Filter

Gautam, Ganesh; Shrestha, Surendra; Cho, Seongsoo

doi:10.7236/ijasc.2015.4.2.138

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Therefore, we implemented a finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter in order to improve the signal’s quality. The representative equation of the FIR digital filter is shown in Equations (2) and (3):y[n]=∑k=0Lbkx[n−k] b[k]={α+false(1−αfalse)cos(2πkN)−N≤k≤N0 elsewhere where y [ n ] is the output sequence of the digital filter; x [ k ] is the input sequence; L is the interval; b [ k ] is the weight coefficient; and α is the Hamming window coefficient 0.54 [36,37]. The cut-off frequency of the FIR digital filter was set at 16 Hz, as choosing a very low cut-off frequency would alter the PPG waveform structure and lose information from the signal such as the systolic peak, dicrotic notch, and diastolic peak, as shown in Figure 5.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Design Study for Power Reduction in Organic Optoelectronic Pulse Meter Sensor

et al. 2019

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This paper demonstrated a new design structure for minimizing the power consumption of a pulse meter. Monolithic devices composed of a red (625 nm) organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and an organic photodiode (OPD) were fabricated on the same substrate. Two organic devices were designed differently. One had a circle-shaped OLED in the center of the device and was surrounded by the OPD, while the other had the opposite structure. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the OLED and the OPD were 7% and 37%, respectively. We evaluated and compared the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal on different parts of the body and successfully acquired clear PPG signals at those positions, where the best signal was obtained from the fingertip at a SNR of about 62 dB. The proposed organic pulse meter sensor was operated successfully with a power consumption of 0.1 mW. Eventually, the proposed organic biosensor reduced the power consumption and improved the capability of the pulse meter for long-term use.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Design Study for Power Reduction in Organic Optoelectronic Pulse Meter Sensor

et al. 2019

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“…The processor system is programmed to analyze the acquired signal with fast Fourier transform type-128-point FFT to achieve high-quality performance in harmonic detection. Cooley-Tukey algorithm (CT) with a rectangular window is adopted to calculate the FFT [31]- [32]. The Cooley-Tukey algorithm (CT) is a widely used algorithm to perform FFT/IFFT as it reduces the calculation steps of the discrete Fourier transform DFT to a great extent.…”

Section: Signal Analysis and Harmonic Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel Ethernet based processing system for remote source harmonic detection

2023

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This work is carried out to objectively establish a new method to detect harmonics and measure the total harmonic distortion (THD) in a remote source, such as a high voltage transformer. The proposed approach utilized embedded design techniques to construct an embedded processor system with Ethernet intellectual property core to acquire data from a remote harmonics source. The designed system has several notable merits, namely, it is portable that can be applied in the work field, and it avoids workers from being subject to a hazard high voltage shock as well as its simplicity and high accuracy. The harmonics detection and analysis are achieved by inserting a microcontroller system near the high voltage transformer to acquire the necessary data and transmit it to a remote embedded processor system that is used to detect and analyze the harmonics. The microcontroller and the processor systems are connected by a wide-area network (WAN) through Ethernet and transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) protocols. The processor system is accommodated to perform 128 points fast Fourier transform for harmonics detection. Matlab simulations are used to validate the results. It is found that the results match very accurately the simulation results with an error of less than 0.02%.

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“…To enhance the sidelobe suppression ratio, time domain windowing techniques are often employed. The Hanning window is utilized due to its favorable attribute of maintaining a narrow main lobe width within the frequency domain [39]. In the process of generating NLFM signals, the Hanning window was used.…”

Section: Principle and Theoretical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Phase-Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry with Non-Uniform Frequency Multiplexed NLFM Pulse

Li,

Zhang,

Yuan

et al. 2023

Sensors

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In the domain of optical fiber distributed acoustic sensing, the persistent challenge of extending sensing distances while concurrently improving spatial resolution and frequency response range has been a complex endeavor. The amalgamation of pulse compression and frequency division multiplexing methodologies has provided certain advantages. Nevertheless, this approach is accompanied by the drawback of significant bandwidth utilization and amplified hardware investments. This study introduces an innovative distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing system aimed at optimizing the efficient utilization of spectral resources by combining compressed pulses and frequency division multiplexing. The system continuously injects non-linear frequency modulation detection pulses spanning various frequency ranges. The incorporation of non-uniform frequency division multiplexing augments the vibration frequency response spectrum. Additionally, nonlinear frequency modulation adeptly reduces crosstalk and enhances sidelobe suppression, all while maintaining a favorable signal-to-noise ratio. Consequently, this methodology substantially advances the spatial resolution of the sensing system. Experimental validation encompassed the multiplexing of eight frequencies within a 120 MHz bandwidth. The results illustrate a spatial resolution of approximately 5 m and an expanded frequency response range extending from 1 to 20 kHz across a 16.3 km optical fiber. This achievement not only enhances spectral resource utilization but also reduces hardware costs, making the system even more suitable for practical engineering applications.

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Spectral Analysis of Rectangular, Hanning, Hamming and Kaiser Window for Digital Fir Filter

Abstract: Digital filters are extensively used in the world of communication. In order to design a digital finite impulse response (FIR)

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Comparative Design Study for Power Reduction in Organic Optoelectronic Pulse Meter Sensor

Comparative Design Study for Power Reduction in Organic Optoelectronic Pulse Meter Sensor

A novel Ethernet based processing system for remote source harmonic detection

A Phase-Sensitive Optical Time Domain Reflectometry with Non-Uniform Frequency Multiplexed NLFM Pulse

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