Spectral-Based Methods for Pipeline Leakage Localization

Wang, Xun; Palomar, Daniel P.; Zhao, Long; Ghidaoui, Mohamed Salah; Murch, R.D.

doi:10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001572

Cited by 31 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…(6) The time delay is estimated using cross-correlation analysis of two new reconstructed signals according to equation (3)(4) and then the leakage is located by equation 2and (17).…”

Section: The Procedures Of Pds-vmd Based Leak Location Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The propagation velocity c is closely related to the material of pipe wall, in-pipe fluid, external environment and geometric structure size, which can be estimated by the theoretical model. Therefore, the key to leak location is to determine the time delay which is usually calculated by the formula (3) and (4). However, the errors of leak location based on CC will increase with reduction of SNR.…”

Section: Principle Of Leak Location Based On Tde In Wspmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leakage in water-supply pipelines results in economic losses from water wastage and serves as a health risk since leaks are potential entry points for contaminants during low pressure intrusion events [1]. Hence, it is necessary to conduct research on leak location for WSP to guarantee safe and reliable operation of WSP [2]- [4]. So far, much research has been conducted for leak detection and location methods in WSP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Leak Location Based on PDS-VMD of Leakage-Induced Vibration Signal Under Low SNR in Water-Supply Pipelines

Xia

Cheng

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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Leak location in water-supply pipelines is of great significance in order to preserve water resources and reduce economic losses. Cross-correlation (CC) based leak location is a popular and effective method in water-supply pipelines (WSP). However, with a decrease of signal to noise ratio (SNR), the errors of time-delay estimation (TDE) based on CC will become larger making it almost impossible to determine a leakage position. Hence, this work proposes leak location based on a combination of phase difference spectrum and variational mode decomposition (PDS-VMD) of leakage-induced vibration signal under low SNR for WSP. Firstly, the leakage-induced vibration signal is decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by VMD, where the characteristic frequency band is determined by PDS of cross spectrum of two leakage signals. Then, the energy ratio of leakage signal in characteristic frequency band serves as a guideline to select effective IMF components from the decomposed IMFs. Finally, the selective IMFs are reconstituted into a new signal which can be used to determine a leak position using CC based TDE. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed leak location algorithm, the method based on PDS-VMD is compared with that using CC, combination of CC coefficient and VMD (CCC-VMD) using both simulation and experiment. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed PDS-VMD method is more suitable for leak location in WSP, which provides immunity to both broadband and narrow band noise under low SNR. INDEX TERMS VMD, cross-spectral analysis, leakage location, low SNR, water supply pipeline.

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“…(6) The time delay is estimated using cross-correlation analysis of two new reconstructed signals according to equation (3)(4) and then the leakage is located by equation 2and (17).…”

Section: The Procedures Of Pds-vmd Based Leak Location Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principle Of Leak Location Based On Tde In Wspmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Leak Location Based on PDS-VMD of Leakage-Induced Vibration Signal Under Low SNR in Water-Supply Pipelines

Xia

Cheng

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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“…A reservoir-pipe-reservoir system is considered where the fluid is assumed inviscid. To elucidate the CRLB and its important role in transient-based defect detection, a leakage problem for which the CRLB can be derived analytically is considered (Wang et al 2019)…”

Section: Crlb and Its Role In Transient-based Defect Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If all the parameters in the right-hand side are known, then the CRLB provides the minimum possible variance that any leakage detection scheme can achieve. This lower limit provides a quantitative measure for comparing different defect detection schemes (Wang et al 2019). Furthermore, the right-hand side of Eq.…”

Section: Crlb and Its Role In Transient-based Defect Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for Performance Analysis of Leak Detection

et al. 2019

Self Cite

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Due to random noise in real measurements, leak detection (estimation of leak size and location) is subject to a degree of uncertainty. This paper provides a framework to investigate the lower bound of the variance of a leak's variable estimation and delineates the parameters upon which this lower bound depend. This is accomplished by applying the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) principle to the leak detection problem. For a given data set, CRLB gives the minimum mean square error of any unbiased estimator. The CRLB is evaluated using the Fisher information, which is evaluated from direct differentiation of the water-hammer characteristics equations. The results show that the CRLB of the leak-size estimate increases with time of closure and noise level but reduces with the duration of the measured signal. It is also shown that the CRLB is instrumental in the systematic design of efficient transient tests for leak detection. The error of leak-size estimates rises remarkably with setting distances between consecutive potential leaks of less than half the minimum wavelength of the probing signal. More conclusions are drawn on appropriate mesh-size for inverse transient analysis (ITA), maximum possible accuracy in successful localization, and its probability subject to the physical situation's parameters.

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Field verification of single leak detection method based on transient pressures using optimization technique in in-situ irrigation pipeline system including branch junctions and diameter changes

Asada,

Hagiwara,

Tsubota

et al. 2024

Paddy Water Environ

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For decades, leak detection methods utilizing pressure variations (transient test-based technique: TTBT) have been recognized as convenient and accurate for pipeline leak detection. However, their effectiveness in long-distance complex structured field pipelines has not been fully demonstrated, presenting significant challenges for practical implementation. This study, for the first time, tested the effectiveness of inverse transient analysis (ITA), a type of TTBT, on detecting a single-point leak in the Ogura irrigation pipeline system in Sado, Niigata, Japan. The system spans approximately 18 km and features several branches and diameter changes. We proposed a new ITA method using the transient model and the comprehensive learning particle swarm optimization (CLPSO) as the optimization technique. In the verification experiments, pressure variations were induced by closing the downstream valve under two different initial downstream flow rates (approximately 0.032 and 0.093 m3/s) in scenarios without a leak, with a leak near the downstream end of the main pipeline, and with a leak on the branch pipeline. The calibration of the transient model with the wave speed distribution as parameters was conducted prior to leak detection, demonstrating pre-estimation of this wave speed distribution is essential for accurate leak detection. The application of the proposed ITA for measured pressure variations resulted in averaged estimated leak location errors along the total length of the pipeline system with the standard deviations as follows: 0.217 ± 0.038% near the downstream end of the main pipeline for a 0.032 m3/s downstream flow, 0.978 ± 0.456% for a 0.093 m3/s flow, 1.843 ± 1.815% on the branch pipeline for a 0.032 m3/s flow, and 0.880 ± 0.560% for a 0.093 m3/s flow. In cases of the leak near the downstream end of the main pipeline, smaller steady flow rate resulted in smaller variability and higher accuracy in the estimated leak location. Conversely, for the leak in the branch pipeline, larger steady flow rate was better for the estimated leak position. This suggests that the optimal steady flow rate for accurate leak detection varies depending on the leak location. The leak sizes can be expressed as ratios of the estimated leakage discharges to the actual average irrigation water flow rate, resulting in values ranging from 4.86% to 8.58%. From these results, the proposed leak detection method is expected to contribute to reducing the effort and cost for irrigation engineers to narrow down potential leak areas in pipeline systems.

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Spectral-Based Methods for Pipeline Leakage Localization

Cited by 31 publications

References 42 publications

Leak Location Based on PDS-VMD of Leakage-Induced Vibration Signal Under Low SNR in Water-Supply Pipelines

Leak Location Based on PDS-VMD of Leakage-Induced Vibration Signal Under Low SNR in Water-Supply Pipelines

Cramer-Rao Lower Bound for Performance Analysis of Leak Detection

Field verification of single leak detection method based on transient pressures using optimization technique in in-situ irrigation pipeline system including branch junctions and diameter changes

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