Spectral characteristic of geomagnetically induced current during geomagnetic storms by wavelet techniques

Adhikari, Binod; Sapkota, Nirakar; Dahal, Subodh; Bhattarai, Binod; Khanal, Krishna; Chapagain, Narayan P.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2018.01.020

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…This may also be associated with the typical timescale of substorms, which are an important driver of dX/dT and GIC at Mäntsälä. It is not surprising that this result presents a higher range of periodicity than that of a storm main phase-related cases described in, for example, Adhikari et al (2018) and Pulkkinen and Kataoka (2006). Also, it fits within the range, 1-10 hr, detected in the Alfvén waves (Smith et al, 1995), which are the key feature of HSSs originating from the coronal holes.…”

Section: 1029/2018sw001879supporting

confidence: 74%

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HILDCAA‐Related GIC and Possible Corrosion Hazard in Underground Pipelines: A Comparison Based on Wavelet Transform

et al. 2019

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High‐intensity long‐duration continuous auroral electrojet activities (HILDCAAs) are recognized as the continuous (duration >2 days) auroral electrojet activities (AE > 1,000 nT) caused by interplanetary Alfvén waves driving magnetic reconnection at the Earth's magnetopause. This paper focuses on the study of geoeffectiveness of HILDCAA on the basis of associated geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) and pipe‐to‐soil voltage (PSV) observed in an underground pipeline at Finnish Natural Gas Station, Mäntsälä. In this study, 113 HILDCAAs with different interplanetary sources (72 corotating interaction region‐storm preceded, 29 interplanetary coronal mass ejection‐storm preceded, and 12 nonstorm) have been selected and their possible contributions in underground pipeline corrosion have been quantitatively compared by assessing GIC/PSV profiles for each of these events. In addition, the spectral characteristics of GIC during these events have been studied using continuous wavelet transforms. The Morlet wavelet has been applied to 10‐s modeled GIC data corresponding to each event to explore the main band structures and the periodicities found in GIC spectrum. GIC/PSV modeling is based on plane wave method and distributed source transmission line analogy between pipelines and electric circuits. HILDCAAs are found to drive a small‐amplitude, but continuous, fluctuation in GIC throughout the event duration of several days. This makes the cumulative effect of HILDCAAs in pipeline corrosion noteworthy. The spectral analysis shows that GIC possesses both short‐term, as well as continuous, power distribution with different periodicities. CIR‐preceded HILDCAAs are found to be more geoeffective while taking associated GIC and PSV into account. Possible physical explanations supporting the results have been presented.

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Section: 1029/2018sw001879supporting

confidence: 74%

“…Kataoka & Pulkkinen, ; Pulkkinen & Kataoka, ) and also by CWT (e.g. Adhikari et al, ; Falayi et al, ). So, this is also an effort to compare HILDCAA‐related peculiarities with those results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HILDCAA‐Related GIC and Possible Corrosion Hazard in Underground Pipelines: A Comparison Based on Wavelet Transform

et al. 2019

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“…The wavelet coefficient of dBx/dt is similar to GIC, indicating that the two have high similarity and there is a certain correlation. This is similar to the conclusion obtained by (Adhikari et al, 2019) on the discrete wavelet analysis of geomagnetic components.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Spectral analysis of geomagnetically induced current and local magnetic field during the 17 March 2013 geomagnetic storm

Xu¹,

Xing²,

Balan³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Geomagnetically induced current (GIC) is known to be closely related to the rate of change of local horizontal magnetic field (dBx/dt); and their spectra can give better insight into the relationship. We study the spectral characteristics of GIC measured in Finland and dBx/dt measured 30 km away during the 17 March 2013 intense geomagnetic storm (SymHMin = -132 nT). Two bursts of large GIC (up to 32A) and dBx/dt occurred at ~ 16 UT and 18 UT during the storm main phase, though their values were generally small. For the first time, the Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) and Wavelet Coherence (WTC) techniques are used to investigate the correlation and phase relationship of GIC and dBx/dt in time-frequency domain. Their WTC correlation is strong (over 0.9) over the entire storm period, indicating dBx/dt is the main factor causing GIC and dBx/dt leading GIC. Their XWT spectra show two enclosed periods (8–42 min and 2–42 min) in the high energy region corresponding to the two bursts of activity in GIC and dBx/dt. Moreover, we use continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to analyze the spectral characteristics of GIC and dBx/dt. It is found that the CWT and DWT spectra of the two are very similar, especially in the low frequency characteristics, without continuous periodicity. Wavelet coefficients become large when GIC and dBx/dT are large; and the third-order coefficient, which corresponds to low-frequency part, best reflects the disturbance of GIC and dBx/dt.

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“…When the plasma from CMEs approaching the Earth, the magnetized plasma that is in contact with Earth's magnetic field prompts a geoelectric field at the surface and underground [8]. The geoelectric field or in this study we say as GIC gives rise to the destruction of power systems that is brought by the compression of magnetosphere [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effects of CME-induced Geomagnetic Storm on Geomagnetic Induced Current at High and Middle Latitudes

Ansor

Hamidi

2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Geomagnetic storm has been one of greatest events in space weather studies. Apart from the formation of aurora, geomagnetic induced current (GIC) is also induced during the storm when the storm intensity gets severe. Coronal mass ejection (CME) is a massive eruption created by the Sun and is believed to be the driver of geomagnetic storm. This paper is aimed to examine the effects of CME-induced geomagnetic storm on geomagnetic induced current (GIC) at high and middle latitudes by studying four levels of storm: minor (Kp 5), moderate (Kp 6), strong (Kp 7) and severe (Kp 8). We applied qualitative analysis through descriptive approach to describe the relationship between the storm intensity and GIC activity. Since the exact value of GIC were inaccessible, we adopted horizontal component time derivative magnetic field (dH/dt) as the indicator for GIC activity. At the end of the study, we found that the GIC highly depends on the storm intensity, by which higher levels of storm triggers more actively induced current. Besides, high latitude ionosphere was showing strong reactions to the storm arrival compared to middle latitude ionosphere as the magnitudes of dH/dt recorded by Barrow station at high latitude fluctuated within wider and higher range.

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Spectral characteristic of geomagnetically induced current during geomagnetic storms by wavelet techniques

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

HILDCAA‐Related GIC and Possible Corrosion Hazard in Underground Pipelines: A Comparison Based on Wavelet Transform

HILDCAA‐Related GIC and Possible Corrosion Hazard in Underground Pipelines: A Comparison Based on Wavelet Transform

Spectral analysis of geomagnetically induced current and local magnetic field during the 17 March 2013 geomagnetic storm

Effects of CME-induced Geomagnetic Storm on Geomagnetic Induced Current at High and Middle Latitudes

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