Spectral domain OCT and autofluorescence imaging of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy

Milani, Paolo; Cacioppo, Viviana; Raimondi, Giulia; Scialdone, Antonio

doi:10.5301/ejo.5000038

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…17 Indocyanine green angiography shows early blocked fluorescence in the central macular area from retinal pigment epithelium hyperpigmentation and a well-defined larger hypocyanescent halo in the late phase. 1,3,18 After a few months, gradual resolution of retinal pigment epithelium thickening as well as recovery of the ellipsoid zone and interdigitation zone layer are seen on the OCT. 19,20 With prolonged observation, the visual prognosis is generally good in patients with acute idiopathic maculopathy. However, complications such as outer retinal tubulation, choroidal neovascularization, subfoveal fibrous metaplasia, macular hole, subfoveal pigment degeneration, atrophic macula, hyperpigmentation, and/ or depigmented retinal pigment epithelium lesions have been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The lesions appear as a bull's-eye pattern on fluorescein angiography 17 . Indocyanine green angiography shows early blocked fluorescence in the central macular area from retinal pigment epithelium hyperpigmentation and a well-defined larger hypocyanescent halo in the late phase 1,3,18 . After a few months, gradual resolution of retinal pigment epithelium thickening as well as recovery of the ellipsoid zone and interdigitation zone layer are seen on the OCT 19,20 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Case Report: Multimodal Imaging of Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy in a Chinese Woman

et al. 2021

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SIGNIFICANCE: Acute idiopathic maculopathy is a rare disease with the characteristics of sudden, severe, unilateral central vision loss after a flu-like illness. The prognosis is generally good, and poor vision usually results from complications such as choroidal neovascularization or subfoveal pigment degeneration. Multimodal imaging is helpful in the diagnosis and follow-up of this disease. PURPOSE:We report a case of acute idiopathic maculopathy and present multimodal imaging results in the diagnosis of this condition.CASE REPORT: A 37-year-old Chinese woman noted a central scotoma in her right eye a day after a prodrome of flu-like symptoms. Best-corrected visual acuity of the right eye was 20/40. Multimodal imaging was performed, and a diagnosis of acute idiopathic maculopathy was made. The variable clinical appearance of acute idiopathic maculopathy on autofluorescence, near-infrared reflectance, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) was shown. The patient's vision spontaneously recovered to 20/20 two weeks after the onset of the disease, but macular sensitivity, as measured by microperimetry, did not return to normal until 1 month. Retrobulbar injection of triamcinolone was done at 3 weeks to prevent retinal pigment epithelium hyperplasia and choroidal neovascularization. Written informed consent was obtained from the patient. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that near-infrared reflectance corresponds to the change of the outer retina and retinal pigment epithelium on OCT and complements autofluorescence in the diagnosis and follow-up of acute idiopathic maculopathy. Fundus autofluorescence, near-infrared reflectance, and OCT are recommended as routine examinations in this disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Multimodal Imaging of Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy in a Chinese Woman

et al. 2021

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“…20 No acute or convalescent viral titers were available for any of our cases. In the literature, the state of health at the time of UAIM or just prior to the ophthalmic manifestation has been clearly documented in 46 cases, with the following findings: flulike illness (n 5 13), 6,[21][22][23][24][25][26] healthy (negative for recent medical history; n 5 12), 6,9,12,14,19,[27][28][29][30][31][32] HFMD (n 5 7), 8,9,20,[33][34][35] pregnancy (n 5 3), 1,7 orchitis (n 5 2), 9 anterior uveitis (n 5 1), 12 acute tonsillitis (n 5 1), 12 pharyngitis (n 5 1), 18 laryngitis (n 5 1), 15 gastroenteritis (n 5 1), 13 and Hashimoto disease (n 5 1). 12 Other specific viral infections have also been implicated, including HIV (n 5 1), 7 yellow fever (n 5 1), 36 and Zika virus (n 5 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidental unilateral idiopathic maculopathy in children

Georgiou

McAnena

Michaelides

et al. 2020

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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To investigate the clinical findings and differential diagnosis of incidental unilateral discoid maculopathy in a case series of children. METHODS The medical records and retinal imaging of children referred to a single center for flat, well circumscribed, hypopigmented discoid macular lesion in the left eye were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS Three children (age range, 4-11 years; 2 female), with no subjective ophthalmic complaints, were referred for investigation of a flat, well-circumscribed, hypopigmented discoid macular lesion in the left eye. Case 1 had a history of viral mesenteric adenitis, and case 2 had a history of hand, foot, and mouth disease. For case 3, no previous history of systemic viral infection was established. Snellen visual acuity was 20/20 for all 3 children. The lesion was located superior to the fovea for case 1 and centered to the fovea for cases 2 and 3, all in the left eye. In all 3 patients, hyperautofluorescent changes were noted around the edges of the lesion, which was roughly discoid. OCT showed subtle changes of the interdigitation zone and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) for cases 1 and 2. In case 3 the presence of hyperreflective, hypertrophic tissue at the level of the interdigitation zone and/or the RPE was noted. CONCLUSIONS In these 3 children with subclinical, unilateral discoid maculopathy sharing common features and identified incidentally, previous viral illness may have been causative. These cases may represent resolved unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy. (J AAPOS 2020;-:1.e1-6) I n recent years, the number of incidental findings and referrals across all the disciplines of medicine, including ophthalmology, has increased because of screening programs and developments in medical imaging. 1,2 The epidemiological data for incidental findings are limited and difficult to collect, because they involve private practice and public hospitals, optometrist, ophthalmologists, and other disciplines, as well as screening programs and routine checkups. Incidental findings can be benign or malignant, inflammatory, infectious , inherited, or congenital-developmental. We present a case series of 3 children with a benign, unilateral discoid maculopathy, sharing common features, identified incidentally, and referred to a tertiary eye center for further investigation. Methods This study complies with all local laws and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Moorfields Eye Hospital Ethics Committee. The patients were examined by medical retina specialists, in Moorfields Eye Hospital, London. All available clinical notes and retinal imaging were reviewed. Further detailed medical history was requested from the caring general practitioners of the children. Results Three children (age range, 4-11 years; 2 female) were referred after presenting to their local optometrist for routine eye examination, with no subjective ophthalmic complaints, on discovery of an unusual left circular macular lesion (Figures 1-3). All 3 children denied any visual disturbanc...

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“…SD-OCT shows neurosensory macular detachment with hyperreflective subretinal material and EDI-OCT [ 83 ] reveals a sub-foveal increase of the choroidal thickness. With the regression of the macular detachment, SD-OCT shows irregularity and disruption at the level of the photoreceptors and RPE layers and EDI-OCT shows a progressive reduction in choroidal thickness [ 89 ]. A gradual recovery of the outer retina integrity occurs during the remission phase of the disease ( Figure 34 ).…”

Section: Icga-derived Classification and Clinicopathological Mechanisms In Non-infectious Choroiditis And Specific Entitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classification of Non-Infectious and/or Immune Mediated Choroiditis: A Brief Overview of the Essentials

Herbort¹,

Mantovani

Tuğal-Tutkun

et al. 2021

Diagnostics

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The choroid was poorly accessible to imaging investigation until the last decade of the last century. With the availability of more precise imaging methods such as indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and, later, optical coherence tomography (OCT), enhanced depth OCT (EDI-OCT), and OCT angiography (OCTA), appraisal of choroidal inflammation has substantially gained in accuracy. This allowed to precisely determine which structures were touched in the different non-infectious choroiditis entities and made it possible to classify this group of diseases, ICGA signs, mainly hypofluorescent lesions, were identified and described. Previous publications have divided angiographic findings into two main sets of signs: (1) irregular “geographic” hypofluorescent areas corresponding to choriocapillaris non-perfusion and (2) round more regular, hypofluorescent dark dots more evenly distributed in the fundus corresponding to more deep choroidal stromal foci. These distinct findings allowed to subdivide and classify choroiditis into choriocapillaritis and stromal choroiditis. Additional signs were identified from EDI-OCT and OCTA examination supporting the classification of choroiditis into choriocapillaritis and stromal choroiditis. Results: Diseases involving principally the choriocapillaris included Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome (MEWDS), Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy (APMPPE), Idiopathic Multifocal Choroiditis (MFC), and Serpiginous Choroiditis (SC) as well as mixed forms. Diseases primarily involving the choroidal stroma included HLA-A29 Birdshot Retinochoroiditis (BRC), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH), Sympathetic Ophthalmia (SO), and Sarcoidosis chorioretinitis (SARC). Thanks to new imaging investigations of the choroid, it is now possible to classify and understand the diverse clinicopathological mechanisms in the group of non-infectious choroiditis entities.

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Spectral domain OCT and autofluorescence imaging of unilateral acute idiopathic maculopathy

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Case Report: Multimodal Imaging of Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy in a Chinese Woman

Case Report: Multimodal Imaging of Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy in a Chinese Woman

Incidental unilateral idiopathic maculopathy in children

Classification of Non-Infectious and/or Immune Mediated Choroiditis: A Brief Overview of the Essentials

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