In this paper, we present a new approach for transmission reconstruction of transparent solutions by combining the particle swarm optimisation algorithm and the matrix S method. To perform colorimetric characterisation, a digital camera was characterised using a training set of coloured solutions and the particle swarm optimisation method to obtain an optimised transfer matrix of RGB to CIE XYZ values. Then the transformation matrix was used to calculate the CIE XYZ values of test colour solutions. Next, the estimated CIE XYZ values were used to reconstruct the transmission spectra of the unknown solutions by applying the matrix S method. The experimental results on real datasets demonstrate that the proposed technique significantly outperforms the existing method in terms of transmission reconstruction.How to cite this article: Farazandemehr E, Daneshvar E. Transmission reconstruction of transparent solutions using particle swarm optimisation.