Spectral X‐Ray Glitches in Monocrystalline Diamond Refractive Lenses

Abstract

X-ray refractive lenses are widely used optical devices at today synchrotron X-ray sources. In the present paper we demonstrate negative influence of the X-ray diffraction on optical properties of monocrystalline X-ray refractive lenses in operation. Several types of single-crystal diamond lenses were studied in X-ray spectroscopy mode at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. X-rays were propagating through individual lenses, stacked together in a row, and the transmitted intensity was measured at different energies. While using the stack of crystallographically co-aligned lenses, we obtained the strong maximal reduction of 35% in an intensity of the outgoing signal. The effect was caused by diffraction losses in the single-crystal diamond and also called "X-ray glitch." The magnitude of the effect was then minimized down to $10% by use of stacks with different crystallographic orientation of individual lenses inside. At the same time, X-ray glitches did not affect any focal spot's size or shape while only arousing the darkening of the focal spot at exact energies of X-ray glitches.

Impact of beryllium microstructure on the imaging and optical properties of X-ray refractive lenses

“…One of the methods to reduce the parasitic effect of microstructured optical elements is the use of monocrystalline materials for the manufacture of X-ray refractive optics and windows. However, if the condition for X-ray diffraction can be fulfilled for one or several individual single-crystal refractive lenses, then the intensity of transmitted X-radiation will decrease significantly (Polikarpov et al, 2018). Another way to eliminate the speckle pattern produced by optical elements is by the use of X-ray homogeneous and fully amorphous materials.…”

Investigation of `glitches' in the energy spectrum induced by single-crystal diamond compound X-ray refractive lenses

“…They were made of single-crystal diamond, which is considered as an ideal material because it does not cause any undesired diffuse scattering, and at the same time withstands high heat-load induced by synchrotron radiation. Being versatile for a wide range of applications, diamond CRLs, however, have a drawback for spectroscopic experiments: recent published scientific articles have noticed a so-called 'glitch effect' (Polikarpov et al, 2018) in the energy spectrum. Essentially, glitches appearing in the normalized transmission spectrum represent a drop of intensity and may in general be attributed to many sources, such as multiple diffraction, extinction and Bragg diffraction.…”

Investigation of glitches induced by single-crystal diamond compound refractive lenses based on crystal orientation

“…This invention attracted worldwide attention and were used at almost all the synchrotron facilities, it is thus necessary to optimize the performance of CRLs in many aspects. A newly published article [5] reported to observe drops of intensity at some specific energies in the transmission spectrum of single-crystal diamond CRLs and called…”