Spectres of the Third World: global modernity and the end of the three worlds

Crossing borders: development, learning and the North – South divide

“…Notwithstanding the differences and nuances within and between these varied perspectives, the close relationship throughout the post-war period between geopolitics and intellectual global categorisation divided the imagination of development studies and practice along lines of interacting but separate blocs. While terms like Third World and Global South are increasingly problematised and rethought to account for new geographies of wealth and poverty, connection and disconnection, across divides (Berger, 2004;Dirlik, 2004), one implication of this categorisation has been to mitigate the opportunities to learn about development through examples from North and South. Knowledge, of course, frequently travels from wealthier, more powerful countries in the development industry, but it generally travels one way and it generally travels as a "solution" rather than as a basis for learning (Mawdsley et al, 2002;Ellerman, Denning, and Hanna, 2001;Ellerman, 2002).…”

The Global Meets the Local: The Third World-ing of New Orleans

“…The concept of the Third World emerged from 1950s social science modernization theories, which attempted to understand the division between the "First World" capitalist powers of Europe and the United States and the communist "Second World." In this model, the "Third World" was seen as, in Arif Dirlik's (2004) words, "a residual category, a dumping ground for all who did not qualify as capitalist or socialist" (p. 136). The future of this "Third World" was thought to be critical to the struggle between capitalism and socialism in that the Third World would choose which path to pursue (Dirlik, 2004;Wenzel, 2006).…”

Resgatando O Nexo Governançagestão Internacional: Por Uma Nova Ordem Em Gestão

“…A ativa participação de grandes corporações na política externa dos EUA e nas políticas de desenvolvimento e de ajuda internacional (Kunz, 1997), por meio da mobilização do nexo correspondente de governança-gestão, era característica central da diplomacia econômica na época (Bernstein & Wilson, 2011). Naquele contexto, países colonizados também mobilizaram a diplomacia econô-mica, tanto em termos individuais quanto coletivos (vinculados ao terceiro-mundismo que emergiu após a Conferência de Bandung); por sua vez, essa diplomacia também viabilizou práticas neocoloniais no contexto do pós-colonialismo na África e Ásia, além de fomentar a construção das teorizações pós-colonialistas nos EUA (Dirlik, 2004). No pós-Guerra Fria, a ascensão do unilateralismo dos EUA e a das economias emergentes marcaram a mobilização crescente da diplomacia econômica não somente por EUA e Europa mas também por países emergentes ou semiperiféricos (Nye, 2010).…”