Spectrophotometric determination of flunarizine dihydrochloride through the formation of charge-transfer complex with iodine

Walily, Abdel Fattah M. El; Gindy, Alaa El; Wahbi, Abdel Aziz M.

doi:10.1016/0731-7085(94)00075-d

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Thus, for further applications, the different variables affecting CPE efficiency was optimized in order to achieve the maximum sensitivity. Also, the reaction relating to selective charge transfer complex formation of I 2 or I 3 − with AOH + may be supported by spectrophotometric determination of flunarizine (El Walily et al 1995) and cephalosporins (Saleh et al 2001) through the formation of charge transfer complex with iodine. It is implied in the relevant works that the analyte(s) and I 2 or I 3 − act as n-donor (piperazine moity) and σ-acceptor (I 2 ), respectively, and in absence of analyte, triiodide (I 3 − ) formed as a consequence of charge transfer at 460 nm, so that it will give outer-and inner-sphere complexes with a high molar absorption coefficients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Micellar Mediated Cloud-Point Extraction Procedure for Sensitive and Selective Determination of Trace Amounts of Total Iodine in Milk-Based Nutritional Products by Means of Indirect Spectrophotometry

Altunay

Gürkan

2015

Food Anal. Methods

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A new micellar mediated cloud-point extraction procedure (CPE) has been developed for sensitive and selective determination of trace amounts of total iodine by means of indirect spectrophotometry. The method is based on selective charge transfer complex formation of I 3 , which is produced by the reaction of iodate in presence of 25-fold excess periodate with excess iodide and with acridine orange (AOH + ) being a selective fluorescent cationic dye at pH 3.0 phthalate buffer, and then the CPE of charge transfer complex formed from aqueous solution at phthalate buffer using nonionic surfactant, Triton X-114. The calibration graphs were rectilinear in the ranges of 1.5-20 and 20-160 μg L −1 for IO 3 − , with r 2 higher than 0.9996 in two linear regions with changing sensitivity. Under optimal conditions obtained, the limits of detection and quantification were 0.4 and 1.5 μg L −1 and the precision (as RSD) for determination of 10, 50, and 100 μg L −1 of iodate was in the range of 2.4-4.7 % (n 5). The method was successfully applied to selective and reliable determination of total iodine in milk-based nutritional products. The accuracy of the method was controlled by analyzing two standard reference materials (SRMs) at suitable matrix to milk samples.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Micellar Mediated Cloud-Point Extraction Procedure for Sensitive and Selective Determination of Trace Amounts of Total Iodine in Milk-Based Nutritional Products by Means of Indirect Spectrophotometry

Altunay

Gürkan

2015

Food Anal. Methods

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“…In recent years, capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) has been applied to quantify of flunarizine in serum [20]. Determination of flunarizine in pharmaceutical dosage forms usually requires complex formation prior spectrophotometric measurement [21,22]. Voltammetric method using an activated glassy carbon electrode has, also, been developed for the analysis of flunarizine in pharmaceutical dosage form [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of UV spectrophotometric method and high performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of flunarizine and its application for the dissolution test

Busaranon¹,

Suntornsuk²,

Suntornsuk³

2006

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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“…1b). The charge transfer complexation between the n-donor SU and the σ-acceptor iodine is followed by formation of a radical ion [29,30].…”

Section: Spectral Charactersticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two charge-transfer complex spectrophotometric methods for the determination of sulpiride in pharmaceutical formulations

Zayed

2009

Open Chemistry

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Two simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of sulpiride. They are based on charge transfer complexation between the drug as n-electron donor and p-chloranilic acid as π acceptor or iodine as σ-acceptor. These give highly coloured complexes with absorption maxima at 518 and 363, 294 nm, respectively. Beer's law linear ranges were 13.7 -341.4 and 1.7 -20.5 μg mL -1 for the p-chloranilic acid and iodine methods. The methods were successfully applied to the determination of the drug in Dogmatil ® Fort tablets and the results compared with the official method. The complex association constants and standard free energy changes were calculated using Benesi-Hildebrand plots. Warsaw and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. © Versita

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Spectrophotometric determination of flunarizine dihydrochloride through the formation of charge-transfer complex with iodine

Cited by 23 publications

References 19 publications

A New Micellar Mediated Cloud-Point Extraction Procedure for Sensitive and Selective Determination of Trace Amounts of Total Iodine in Milk-Based Nutritional Products by Means of Indirect Spectrophotometry

A New Micellar Mediated Cloud-Point Extraction Procedure for Sensitive and Selective Determination of Trace Amounts of Total Iodine in Milk-Based Nutritional Products by Means of Indirect Spectrophotometry

Comparison of UV spectrophotometric method and high performance liquid chromatography for the analysis of flunarizine and its application for the dissolution test

Two charge-transfer complex spectrophotometric methods for the determination of sulpiride in pharmaceutical formulations

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