Spectroscopic analysis of the crystalline and amorphous phases in a vinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene copolymer

Ferroelectric Properties and Polarization Switching Kinetic of Poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) Copolymer

“…Each phase of the P(VDF-TrFE) polymer will provide a characteristic FT-IR spectrum. Details of the absorption band assignments can be found in the literature [Kobayashi et al, 1974;Reynolds et al, 1989;Kim et al, 1989]. Here we only discuss the three intense bands, 1288 cm -1 , 850 cm -1 , and 1400 cm -1 associated with the phase of P(VDF-TrFE).…”

Ferroelectric nanodot formation from spin‐coated poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) films and their application to organic solar cells

“…Figure 2 shows p-polarized FTIR-ATR spectra of P(VDF-TrFE) samples with different initial thicknesses annealed at 150 C. The absorption bands at 1290 cm 21 and 848 cm 21 (A 1 , l ||b) are associated with the b-phase possessing trans sequences longer than four monomers (t m > 4) and trans sequences longer than three monomers (t m > 3), respectively. [22][23][24] It is notable that the 1293 cm 21 band can be used as a reference band when determining relative intensities within a sample since it does not overlap with any disorderedphase band. Those at 1195 cm 21 and 885 cm 21 (B 2 , l ||a) are related to anti-symmetric CF 2 stretching vibrations and trans sequence of one monomer.…”

“…Those at 1195 cm 21 and 885 cm 21 (B 2 , l ||a) are related to anti-symmetric CF 2 stretching vibrations and trans sequence of one monomer. [22][23][24] Those at 1402 cm 21 and 1076 cm 21 (B 1 , l ||c) are very sensitive to the orientation of carbon main chains that can interact with the p-polarized light. [22][23][24] Unfortunately, the 1076 cm 21 band overlaps with broad disordered-phase bands and thus they cannot be used to evaluate the chain direction of films and nanostructures.…”

“…[22][23][24] Those at 1402 cm 21 and 1076 cm 21 (B 1 , l ||c) are very sensitive to the orientation of carbon main chains that can interact with the p-polarized light. [22][23][24] Unfortunately, the 1076 cm 21 band overlaps with broad disordered-phase bands and thus they cannot be used to evaluate the chain direction of films and nanostructures. We should note that the calculated penetration depth of our FTIR-ATR measurements is 650 nm and thus the penetration depth is enough to cover all samples used in this study, along with the fact that the absolute decrease of peak intensities with the decrease in the initial thickness is caused by smaller quantity of P(VDF-TrFE) copolymers.…”

Voltage-induced Infrared Absorption from a Spin-cast Thin Film of Ferroelectric Poly(vinvlidene fhioride-co-trifluoroethvlene) (P(VDF-TrFE))

“…Molecular and solid-state structures of P(VDF-TrFE) films have been studied using X-ray diffraction, 31,32 Raman spectroscopy, 31,33 and infrared spectroscopy. 31,[34][35][36] P(VDF-TrFE) is used as a ferroelectric dielectric in the memory field-effect transistors because P(VDF-TrFE) ferroelectric thin films can be easily prepared by the spin-casting method. It is difficult to make thin films of PVDF.…”