Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies on molecular recognition of tetrathiafulvalene derivative with P-glycoprotein and drug-resistant leukemia cells

Electrochemical identification of leukemia cells from clinical samples with a tetrathiafulvalene probe at an ITO electrode

“…1. The results were consistent with the conclusions from cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry techniques 24 . The current of peak 2 is smaller than that of the peak 1, which was due to the quasi-reversible characteristic of peak 2 26 .…”

“…The difference in metabolism and the enzymatic and biochemical constitution 28 , glycogens 29 , lipids 30 , surface antigens 31 between leukemia cells and leukocytes had been reported. It was also observed that TTF probe can lead to specific interactions with protein, DNA and other macromolecules 24,32 . In our previous work, the TTF probe was approved to have a high affinity to P-glycoprotein with an apparent binding constant of 3.40×10 5 L/mol 24 .…”

“…The results were consistent with the conclusions from cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry techniques. 24 The current of peak 2 is smaller than that of peak 1, which was due to the quasi-reversible characteristic of peak 2. 26 We have explored the potential application of the TTF probe in the identication of leukemia cells from leukocytes.…”

“…23 The new TTF probe, a ditetrabutylammonium salt of propylenedithio-4 0 ,5 0 -tetrathiafulvalene-4,5dicarboxylate (TTF-(COONBu 4 ) 2 ), has been synthesized and appraised as an electrochemical probe for the specic detection of cancer cell lines and normal cell lines. 7,24,25 This study extended the new TTF probe to be applied in rapid identication of leukemia cells from clinical samples with the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique by using a droplet electrochemical system (Fig. 2).…”

“…It is hard to keep the area of the ITO electrode exactly the same. Interestingly, aer being adsorbed with leukemia cells, the ITO electrodes became much more hydrophilic than a bare ITO electrode, 24 which resulted in an increase in the area of the droplet at the ITO electrode surface. Meanwhile, the surface of the ITO electrode was blocked with the nonconductive cells leading to a decrease in the effective area of the electrode.…”