Spectroscopic Investigation of a Hall Thruster Ceramic Acceleration Channel Erosion Rate

Gorshkov, O. A.

doi:10.2514/6.2006-4660

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…More recent experimentation 1,[11][12][13] has also taken place, using laser profilometry 11 to more accurately measure eroded profiles, or using a novel spectrographic measurement of the Hall thruster plume to directly measure erosion rates 13 . See Fig 3. These new techniques offer new ways to improve existing modeling techniques by providing more complete data sets.…”

Section: A Empirical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First we discuss the major motivation behind extension of Hall thruster lifetime 5 and the benefits simulation has over experimentation 6 . Then we compare and contrast the various approaches, be they empirical [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] , theoretical [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] , or a mixed method [22][23][24][25] , which over the past 15 years have yielded varying levels of success in comparison with data [7][8][9] . Finally we make recommendations for future projects and areas of improvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Erosion Prediction Impact on Current Hall Thruster Model Development

Eagle

Boyd²,

Trepp

et al. 2008

44th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference &Amp;amp; Exhibit

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The past ten years have seen a rapid increase in interest in high specific impulse thrusters which can deliver very high payload mass fractions compared to chemical thrusters. One such choice, the Hall thruster, is gaining ground due to its relative simplicity and commercial availability. In order to accomplish high impulse missions however, these low thrust devices must successfully operate for thousands of hours. To help offset the enormous cost of extended ground testing, a variety of modeling efforts is underway. The goal of this paper is to overview the past and present of Hall thruster model development and to highlight three areas of research: improved sputtering models, uniform availability of magnetic field data and anomalously high electron mobility, which have each individually shown promise towards improving the predictive capability of these modeling efforts.

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Section: A Empirical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Erosion Prediction Impact on Current Hall Thruster Model Development

Eagle

Boyd²,

Trepp

et al. 2008

44th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference &Amp;amp; Exhibit

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show abstract

“…In previous studies, optical emission spectroscopy has been proposed as a means to diagnose the erosion rate of the ceramic walls of Hall thrusters [10,11,12,13,14,15]. In Hall thrusters, optical emission spectroscopy provides emission lines due to mainly the propellant plasma particles such as Xenon neutrals and single ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of emission spectroscopy for real-time assessment of relative wall erosion rate of BHT-200 hall thruster for various regimes of operation

Çelik¹,

Batishchev²,

Martı́nez-Sánchez³

2010

Vacuum

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Radiation emission due to Boron atoms sputtered from the Boron-Nitride ceramic walls of a BHT-200 Hall thruster was measured as a diagnostic for real time assessment of thruster wall erosion and to determine the effects of various operation conditions on thruster lifetime. Boron neutral 249.677 and 249.773nm lines were measured using a high resolution spectrometer. Spectral measurement results and the accompanying analysis and discussion are presented in this study. From the spectral measurements it was observed that the Boron emission intensity significantly increases for increased discharge voltage pointing to a large increase in the thruster wall erosion rate. Additionally, the measurements show that for the nominal discharge voltage and the applied magnetic field intensity, there is an optimum propellant flow rate for minimum Boron emission, thus minimum wall erosion rate. The variation in the current to the magnet coils showed that the Boron emission intensity increases for increased magnetic field and the Boron emission intensity shows similar behavior to that of the Xenon single ion emission line intensity at 248.911nm. The findings of the study show that emission spectroscopy can be used in determining the optimum operational parameters for minimum wall erosion for SPT type Hall thrusters.

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“…As mentioned previously, OES has also been developed as a diagnostic method for sputter erosion studies of thrusters [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. Like CRDS, OES can provide in situ measurements in near-real time.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Corona models are generally used, for which it is assumed that population fractions of excited and ionized levels are due to a balance between collisional excitation and spontaneous radiative decay, and the plasma is assumed to be optically thin [36]. An approach to determine sputter product number density has been to attempt to normalize away the dependence on rate constants (T e and n e ) by considering ratios of emission intensities from lines (upper state levels) having similar rate constant dependences; for example, by looking at the ratio of emission from a sputter product to emission of neutral xenon [30], the ratio of emission from a sputter product to emission of xenon ions [31], or the ratio of product of sputter product emission with neutral xenon (Xe) emission to ionic Xe emission [32]. Although, the relative simplicity and ease of implementing OES are attractive, the challenges of signal interpretation can introduce doubt in the quantification.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sputter Erosion Sensor for Anode Layer-Type Hall Thrusters Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy

Yamamoto

Tao

Rubin

et al. 2010

Journal of Propulsion and Power

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We report the development of a sputter erosion monitoring system to study Hall thruster lifetime and contamination. The laser-based sensor uses the continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy technique and allows for in situ measurements in near-real time. The continuous-wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy technique diagnostic allows direct probing of sputter products in their ground state, thereby providing a reliable quantitative measure of their overall number density. Combining the number density of sputtered particles with their velocity allows determination of the flux of sputtered particles and erosion rate. We perform proof of principle experiments, in which sputtered manganese atoms from the acceleration channel of an anode layer-type Hall thruster are measured. The measurement strategy is to detect the manganese atoms via an absorption line from the ground state at a wavelength of 403.076 nm (air). The measured path-integrated number density of sputtered manganese atoms is 1:7 0:3 10 13 m 2 for an argon anode mass flow rate of 2:08 mg=s and a discharge voltage of 250 V. A finite element sputter model is used to compare the cavity ring-down spectroscopy results against validating mass loss measurements and shows good agreement. Nomenclature A ki = Einstein A coefficient, 1=s Abs = absorbance c = speed of light, 2:998 10 8 m=s E b = binding energy, J E i = energy of state i, J E k = energy of state k, J g i = degeneracy of state i g k = degeneracy of state k k = absorption coefficient, m 1 l = length of the ring-down cavity, m l abs = path length of absorbing species, m N i = lower-state concentration, m 3 R = mirror reflectivity St; = ring-down signal as a function of time and laser frequency S 0 = initial ring-down signal x = position along the optical axis, m = laser frequency, Hz ki = resonant frequency of transition, Hz = ring-down time, s 0 = empty cavity ring-down time, s

show abstract

Spectroscopic Investigation of a Hall Thruster Ceramic Acceleration Channel Erosion Rate

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

The Erosion Prediction Impact on Current Hall Thruster Model Development

The Erosion Prediction Impact on Current Hall Thruster Model Development

Use of emission spectroscopy for real-time assessment of relative wall erosion rate of BHT-200 hall thruster for various regimes of operation

Sputter Erosion Sensor for Anode Layer-Type Hall Thrusters Using Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy

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