Spectroscopic properties of Er3+ doped TeO2–BaO (Li2O,Na2O)–La2O3 glasses for 1.5-μm optical amplifiers

NIR broadband luminescence and energy transfer in Er3+–Tm3+-co-doped tellurite glasses

“…The measured and calculated oscillator strengths of Er 3+ in TKNL glass are presented in Table 1. The root-mean-square deviation between the measured and the calculated oscillator strengths is 3.89 1.01 0.55 Aluminate [9] 5.60 1.60 0.61 Germanate [9] 4.81 1.41 0.48 Tellurite [14] 6.21 1.54 1.14 calculated in the following way:…”

“…The˝2 values of the present TKNL glasses are larger than those of other glasses due to the large polarization of the Te 4+ and the asymmetric of the TKNL glasses.˝4 and˝6 parameters are long-range parameters that can be related to the bulk properties of the glass such as viscosity and basicity of the matrix. According to Judd-Ofelt theory [9], the line strength of S ed of the 1.55 m corresponding to 4 I 13/2 → 4 I 15/2 transition that˝6 has a bigger coefficient, so it devoted dominantly for the value of S ed . It should be mentioned here that the˝6 values in the TKNL glasses are also lager than those of glasses.…”

“…Recently, Jeong et al have demonstrated an Er 3+ -Tm 3+ -co-doped 20 m long silica fiber amplified spontaneous luminescence (ASE) with bandwidth over 90 nm (1460-1550 nm), without any external filters, when the fiber is pumped at 980 nm [6]. However, tellurite glasses should be a better host of optical amplifier materials than silica, due to its well-known enhancement of the amplification bandwidth which also shows various excellent material properties such as lowest phonon energy (700-800 cm −1 ) among oxide glasses, high refractive index (∼2), high dielectric constants, strength and corrosion resistance over fluoride glass and rare-earth (RE) ion solubility [7][8][9] luminescence bandwidth with a 24 cm long Er 3+ -Tm 3+ -co-doped tellurite glass optical unclad fiber pumped at 800 nm [5].…”

Influence of Rare Earth Ions on the Optical Properties of Tellurite Glass

“…TeO 2 --based glasses are promising materials for use in non--linear optical devices due to their large third-order non--linear susceptibility [1,2] and for the development of fibre and integrated optic amplifiers as well as lasers covering all the main telecommunication bands because they are potential hosts for infrared (IR) emitting rare earth (RE) elements [4,5].…”

Structure and properties of erbium-titanium-tellurite glass

“…This is because TeO 2 glass has high refractive indexes (n > 2.0), high transparency, including in the near IR region of the spectrum (0.35 -6.00 mm) [1], the possibility of varying the compositions of the glass within wide limits, and higher solubility of the cations of rare-earth elements in comparison to quartz glass. The last two circumstances allow obtaining a much broader luminescence band of Er 3+ (about 80 nm) in fibers made of tellurite glass than with quartz fibers (about 35 nm) [1,2], which is necessary for simultaneously enhancing some signals in current WDM (wavelength-division multiplexing) networks. For this reason, broad-band fiber amplifiers based on tellurite glass with Er 3+ dopants are now being actively developed [1 -3].…”