Spectroscopic site determinations in erbium-doped lithium niobate

Gill, Douglas M.; McCaughan, L.; Wright, John

doi:10.1103/physrevb.53.2334

Cited by 132 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In LiNbO 3 , the Tm 3+ ions occupy multiple charge compensated sites, and general disorder has been reported. [14][15][16][17][18] TABLE I: Electric dipole selection rules for C3 point symmetry. Consistent with conventional definitions, π denotes linear polarization with E c and σ denotes linear polarization with E⊥c; α denotes circular polarization with light propagating along c.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical decoherence and energy level structure of 0.1%Tm3+:LiNbO3

2012

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We report the energy level structure of the 3 H6 and 3 H4 multiplets for Tm 3+ doped congruent LiNbO3, as well as the decoherence properties and their temperature dependencies for the 3 H6(1) ↔ 3 H4(1a) transition at 794 nm. It is shown that this material provides very significant improvements in bandwidth, time-bandwidth product, and sensitivity for spatial-spectral holographic signal processing devices and quantum memories based on spectral hole burning. The available signal processing bandwidth for 0.1% Tm 3+ :LiNbO3 is 300 GHz versus 20 GHz for Tm 3+ YAG. The peak absorption coefficient for 0.1% Tm 3+ :LiNbO3 is 15 cm −1 at 794.5 nm compared with 1.7 cm −1 for 0.1% Tm:YAG at 793 nm, and the total absorption strength is eighty times stronger. The oscillator strength for Tm 3+ :LiNbO3 is about twenty five times larger than that for Tm 3+ :YAG, making the material five times more sensitive for processing high-bandwidth analog signals. The homogeneous linewidth, which determines processing time or spectrum analyzer resolution, is 30 kHz at 1.6 K and 350 kHz at 6 K, as measured by photon echoes. Those values establish potential time-bandwidth products of 10 7 and 7 ×10 5 respectively. The temperature dependence of the homogeneous linewidth was explained by observation of a 7.8 cm −1 crystal field level in the ground multiplet and direct phonon coupling. The excited state 3 H4 lifetime T1 is 152 µs and the bottleneck lifetime of the lowest 3 F4 level is 7 ms from photon echo measurements. These factors combine to provide a surprisingly large increase in key parameters that determine material performance for spatial-spectral holography, quantum information, and other spectral hole burning applications.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical decoherence and energy level structure of 0.1%Tm3+:LiNbO3

2012

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“…near 1550 nm [1,2]. However, Er doping is known to lead to upconversion in most host materials (including LiNbO 3 ) [2][3][4], which is widely recognized as a gain limiting factor in Er-doped amplifiers [2,3]. General feature of all the upconversion mechanisms consists of phononassisted processes, providing both a high efficiency of nonresonant excited-states absorption [5] and excited-states repopulation through its selective nonradiative decay within either isolated Er 3+ ions [3,5] or clustered ones [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, Er doping is known to lead to upconversion in most host materials (including LiNbO 3 ) [2][3][4], which is widely recognized as a gain limiting factor in Er-doped amplifiers [2,3]. General feature of all the upconversion mechanisms consists of phononassisted processes, providing both a high efficiency of nonresonant excited-states absorption [5] and excited-states repopulation through its selective nonradiative decay within either isolated Er 3+ ions [3,5] or clustered ones [4,5]. Thus, the upconversion can be suppressed by a proper choice of doping technology [2,3] and/or postdoping processing [4,6], which may provide as sufficient decreasing the relative concentration of clustered ions [3,4,6] as well as a strong alteration of electron-phonon coupling via variation either a lattice site of Er 3+ ion [4,5] or a phonon spectrum of host [2,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phonon‐assisted energy transfer in Er‐exchanged LiNbO ₃

Кострицкий

Korkishko

Fedorov

et al. 2004

phys. stat. sol. (c)

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Raman microprobe spectroscopy measurements show, that in contrast to Er-idiffusion, Er-exchange proc- ess leads to significant change of the lattice vibration spectrum of LiNbO3. Therefore, our data allow to assume that the drastic suppression of parasitic upconversion in the Er-exchanged LiNbO3 are caused by multiphonon nonradiative decay of the 2(4F9/2) state, providing fast nonradiative energy transfer to the 4G11/2 and (4F7/2+4I13/2) states

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“…Er: LiNbO 3 crystal combines the laser property of Er ion with the electro-optics, acousto-optics and nonlinear optics properties of LiNbO 3 crystal, which has been widely researched [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Er: LiNbO 3 crystal could integrate active device and passive device in integration optics, such as integrate coupler and wave filter, which has important significance in integration optics [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect structure and spectroscopic characteristics of codoped Hf: Er: LiNbO₃ crystals

Sun

Yang²,

et al. 2009

Cryst. Res. Technol.

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Codoped Hf: Er: LiNbO 3 crystals have been grown by the Czochralski technique. Defect structures of the crystals were analyzed by IR absorption spectra, and the compositions of the crystals were measured by X-ray fluorescent spectrograph. A new OH − -associated vibrational peak at 3492 cm -1 was revealed in 6 mol % Hf: 1 mol % Er: LiNbO 3 crystal. It was attributed to (Hf Nb )2-defect centers. The Er 3+ concentrations in crystals gradually decreased with the increase of the codoped Hf 4+ concentrations in the melts. The emission characteristics of the crystals were investigated by the fluorescence spectrum. It was found that the luminescent intensity in codoped 6 mol % Hf: 1 mol % Er: LiNbO 3 crystal was 3.5 times stronger than that in single doped 1 mol % Er: LiNbO 3 crystal. The luminescent enhancement effect was successfully explained on the basis of defect structure of the crystals.

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Spectroscopic site determinations in erbium-doped lithium niobate

Cited by 132 publications

References 40 publications

Optical decoherence and energy level structure of 0.1%Tm3+:LiNbO3

Optical decoherence and energy level structure of 0.1%Tm3+:LiNbO3

Phonon‐assisted energy transfer in Er‐exchanged LiNbO ₃

Defect structure and spectroscopic characteristics of codoped Hf: Er: LiNbO₃ crystals

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Spectroscopic site determinations in erbium-doped lithium niobate

Cited by 132 publications

References 40 publications

Optical decoherence and energy level structure of 0.1%Tm3+:LiNbO3

Optical decoherence and energy level structure of 0.1%Tm3+:LiNbO3

Phonon‐assisted energy transfer in Er‐exchanged LiNbO 3

Defect structure and spectroscopic characteristics of codoped Hf: Er: LiNbO3 crystals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Phonon‐assisted energy transfer in Er‐exchanged LiNbO ₃

Defect structure and spectroscopic characteristics of codoped Hf: Er: LiNbO₃ crystals