Spectroscopy of the GaAr, GaKr and GaXe X → B electronic transitions

Experimental and theoretical study of the AlNe complex

“…The combined effect of the spin-orbit and electrostatic interactions causes the binding energy of the spin-orbit excited X 2 2 ⌸ 3/2 state to be significantly greater than for the X 1 2 ⌸ 1/2 state, as also occurs for the heavier group 13 rare gas complexes. 11,12,14,17,39 Theoretical calculations of the bound states of the AlNe complex, based upon new ab initio potentials for the X 2 ⌸ and A 2 ⌺ ϩ states, provide valuable insight into the complex, although the predicted dissociation energies are 6 -7 cm Ϫ1 too large.…”

“…38 More extreme examples of the transition to Hund's case ͑c͒ coupling occur in van der Waals complexes of the heavier group 13 atoms. 11,12,14,39 Notwithstanding, we shall still use the Hund's case ͑a͒ notation ͑X 2 ⌸ 1/2,3/2 and A 2 ⌺ ϩ ͒ to label the curves.…”

“…The molecular electronic state arising from the first excited doublet Al atomic asymptote, Al(4s 2 S), is designated B 2 ⌺ ϩ , as in the other group 13 rare gas complexes. 3,4,6,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]20,21 As Al(3d 2 D) is the next higher atomic state, the electronic states arising from this asymptote are denoted C 2 ⌬, D 2 ⌸, and E 2 ⌺ ϩ . Following this ordering, we designate the state arising from Al(5s 2 S) ϩRg as H 2 ⌺ ϩ , in agreement with the notation of Fu et al 21 for AlKr.…”

“…Complexes of the lightest of these, boron, have been studied intensively in our laboratory. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] While complexes of the heavier atoms in this group ͑Ga, 11 In, 12,13 Tl 14,15 ͒ have also been investigated, those involving aluminum have received the most attention. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Gardiner and Lester 16 reported the first observation of the AlAr complex using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization ͑REMPI͒ through the B 2 ⌺ ϩ -X 2 ⌸ 1/2 electronic transition, which correlates with the Al atomic 4s←3p transition.…”

Photoionization spectroscopy of Ag–rare gas van der Waals complexes

“…This same logic has also been applied to van der Waals complexes of the group IIIA metals ͑e.g., Al,In͒, except that the ground/excited state pattern seen for the alkalis is inverted in the 2 ⌺← 2 ⌸ band systems studied for the group IIIA complexes. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] The noble metals are expected to be more polarizable than the lighter metals studied to date, enhancing the van der Waals interactions. The spin-orbit interactions are also expected to be more pronounced in the noble metals than they are in the alkalis or lighter group IIA systems.…”