Spectrum of biopsy‐proven renal disease in northern India: A single‐centre study

Mittal, Parmod; Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar; Singh, Geetika; Bhowmik, Dipankar; Mahajan, Sandeep; Dinda, Amit Kumar; Bagchi, Soumita

doi:10.1111/nep.13582

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(167 reference statements)

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“…In our study, NS was the most common clinical indication for renal biopsy, followed by nephritic syndrome (Table 2). These results are consistent with most previous reports 12,28,35,36 , including those from several centers in China 7,8,19 , but not those from Japan (nephritic syndrome followed by NS) 37 , South Korea (AUA, followed by NS) 25 , and one report with a smaller number of cases from Central China (proteinuria and hematuria, followed by NS) 22 . Variation in renal biopsy policies and in diagnostic criteria of histopathological diagnoses may be the reasons of the above-mentioned discrepancies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…3). In adults, LN remains the most common SGN, although prevalence has significantly decreased over time, which is compatible with most studies 7,15,22,23,25,28 , but differs from the report from Northeast China which showed HSPN as the most common SGN followed by LN 8 . Additionally, a significant decrease in the prevalence of HBV-GN (MN pattern: 881 cases, MPGN pattern: 69 cases) was also observed from period 1 to period 2 (5.24% vs 1.12%, P = 0.0487)( Table 3 and Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Spectrum of biopsy proven renal diseases in Central China: a 10-year retrospective study based on 34,630 cases

Quan

Wang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Chronic kidney diseases have become a major issue worldwide. The spectrum of biopsy proven renal diseases differs between locations and changes over time. It is therefore essential to describe the local epidemiological trends and the prevalence of renal biopsy in various regions to shine new light on the pathogenesis of various renal diseases and provide a basis for further hypothesis-driven research. We retrospectively analyzed 34,630 hospitalized patients undergoing native renal biopsy between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2018. Indications for renal biopsy and histological diagnosis were analyzed to describe the prevalence of renal biopsy, and changing prevalence between period 1 (2009-2013) and period 2 (2014-2018) were further analyzed. Nephrotic syndrome (NS) was the most common indication for biopsy. Membranous nephropathy (MN, 24.96%) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN, 24.09%) were the most common primary glomerulonephritis (PGN). MN was most common in adults, with IgAN more prevalent in children. Lupus nephritis (LN) was the most common secondary glomerulonephritis (SGN) in adults, while Henöch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in children. The prevalence of MN increased significantly and nearly doubled from period 1 (15.98%) to period 2 (30.81%) (P = 0.0004). The same trend appeared with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), diabetic nephropathy (DN) and obesity-related glomerulopathy (ORG), while the frequencies of minimal change disease (MCD), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), LN and hepatitis B associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN) significantly decreased between the two intervals. NS was the most common indication for biopsy across all age groups and genders. MN has overtaken IgAN to become the most common PGN in adults, while IgAN was the most common PGN in children. LN was the most common SGN in adults, and HSPN the most common in children. Kidney disease represents one of the most important noncommunicable diseases worldwide. Approximately 10% of the world population suffers from chronic kidney disease (CKD) 1. Similarly, the prevalence of CKD in China was 10.8% in adults and was even higher (14.2%) in Central China 2. Chronic glomerulonephritis (GN) remains the most common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in most developing countries, including China 3. It is also the most common cause of kidney disease in hospitalized patients undergoing renal biopsy. In China, the percentage of hospitalized patients with CKD has increased from 3.58% in 2010 to 4.95% in 2017 3. The pathogenesis of CKD is complex and involves numerous factors including genetics, epigenetics, environmental exposures, and behavioral/lifestyle factors. For instance, IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) remain the most common GNs in European adult populations, while IgAN and lupus nephritis (LN) are the most common in Asia 4 , LN and FSGS predominate in Latin America 4 , and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) is most common in South Africa 5. FSGS was the most comm...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Spectrum of biopsy proven renal diseases in Central China: a 10-year retrospective study based on 34,630 cases

Quan

Wang

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Similar to our results, a study on glomerular disease showed that 492 (54.85%) out of 897 patients with glomerular disease in Xinjiang were females [ 15 ]. The high-risk group of NS in the two regions was 22-47 years old, indicating that NS is most common in young people, which is consistent with the results of a study from India [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Analysis and Study on Epidemiological Features and Prognosis of Nephrotic Syndrome in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang

Liu

Zhong

Ding

et al. 2021

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine

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Backgrounds. The pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome (NS) is complex, and there are differences between regions. This study attempted to collect clinicopathological data of patients diagnosed with NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang in the past 2 years, so as to explore the onset features of NS and treatment and prognosis of patients in the two regions. Methods. Clinical data of 375 patients diagnosed with NS using renal biopsy in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang from March 2019 to March 2021 were collected. Clinical data of patients before treatment were collected, and the chi-square test was utilized to compare the differences in the sex distribution of two groups. The U test was utilized to compare abnormal distribution continuous data between two groups, such as age, hemoglobin, plasma albumin, proteinuria, and triglycerides. Independent sample t -test was utilized to compare normal distribution continuous data between two groups, such as serum total protein, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, glomerular filtration rate, and total cholesterol. The independent sample t -test was also used to compare the immunoglobulin levels and complement levels between the two groups after treatment, including IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, and C4. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze and plot the cumulative curves of complete remission rate and partial remission rate. Results. For 275 NS patients from Xinjiang, the male-to-female ratio was 0.81 : 1. For 84 patients from Heilongjiang, the male-to-female ratio was 1.05 : 1. The onset ages of patients in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang were 22-45 years old and 22-47 years old, respectively. Respectively, there were 221 cases (80.36%) and 66 cases (78.57%) of primary NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang. There were 54 cases (19.64%) and 18 cases (21.43%) of secondary NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in cause distribution between the two regions ( p = 0.756 ). After treatment, immunoglobulin levels (IgA ( p = 0.009 ), IgG ( p = 0.002 ), IgM ( p < 0.001 )) and complement C3 ( p < 0.001 ) and C4 ( p < 0.001 ) levels in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang were statistically significant. 129 cases in Xinjiang (46.91%) and 55 cases in Heilongjiang (65.48%) were treated with glucocorticoid (GC) combined with immunosuppressive therapy, respectively. After receiving treatment, 67 (24.36%) of 275 patients in Xinjiang achieved complete remission, 166 (60.36%) achieved partial remission, 22 (26.19%) of 84 patients in Heilongjiang achieved complete remission, and 56 (66.67%) achieved partial remission, and there was no statistically significant difference in remission rate between the two regions ( p = 0.159 ). Patients in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang achieved complete remission at an average of 10.34 weeks (9.98-10.70) and 9.95 weeks (9.26-10.65), respectively. There was no significant difference in complete remission rates between the two regions ( p = 0.663 ). Patients in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang achieved partial remission at an average of 8.76 weeks (8.38-9.14) and 7.99 weeks (7.33-8.65), respectively. There was no significant difference in the partial remission rate between the two regions ( p = 0.065 ). Conclusion. The causes of NS in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang were similar. After treatment, there were differences in immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, IgM) and complement levels (C3, C4) in the two regions. The main treatment methods used in the two regions were GC combined with immunosuppressive therapy. The prognosis of patients in the two regions was similar. The complete remission rate and partial remission rate after treatment in the two regions were similar, and the average time required to achieve complete remission and partial remission was also similar.

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“…Mass spectrometry has significantly improved the ability to determine the type of amyloidosis and is a useful adjunct to renal biopsy. [ 80 ] Renal involvement is common with varying rates of prevelance in India from 3.7%[ 81 ] to 8%. Histologically, renal amyloid depositis are weak positive for periodic acid Schiff staining, distinguishing it from the collagenous composition of the basement membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recurrent glomerulonephritis in the kidney allograft

Bobart¹,

Alexander²,

Bentall³

2020

Indian J Nephrol

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Renal transplantation is the preferred form of renal replacement therapy in patients who develop end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Among the diverse etiologies of ESKD, glomerulonephritis is the third most common cause, behind hypertensive and diabetic kidney disease. Although efforts to prolong graft survival have improved over time with the advent of novel immunosuppression, recurrent glomerulonephritis remains a major threat to renal allograft survival despite concomitant immunosuppression. As a result, clinical expertise, early diagnosis and intervention will help identify recurrent disease and facilitate prompt treatment, thus minimizing graft loss, resulting in improved outcomes. In this review, we highlight the clinicopathologcal characteristics of certain glomerular diseases that recur in the renal allograft.

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Spectrum of biopsy‐proven renal disease in northern India: A single‐centre study

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Spectrum of biopsy proven renal diseases in Central China: a 10-year retrospective study based on 34,630 cases

Spectrum of biopsy proven renal diseases in Central China: a 10-year retrospective study based on 34,630 cases

Analysis and Study on Epidemiological Features and Prognosis of Nephrotic Syndrome in Xinjiang and Heilongjiang

Recurrent glomerulonephritis in the kidney allograft

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