Spectrum of COVID‐19 in children

Ranabothu, Saritha; Onteddu, Sanjeeva; Nalleballe, Krishna; Dandu, Vasuki; Veerapaneni, Karthika; Veerapandiyan, Aravindhan

doi:10.1111/apa.15412

Cited by 41 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, the TriNetX platform allows analysis in the form of queries. The TriNetX platform is described in detail elsewhere, and several similar studies on COVID-19 using TriNetX have been published to date [ [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] ]. At University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences the data from TriNetX is managed by the Arkansas Clinical Data Repository (AR-CDR) and maintained by the Department of Biomedical Informatics.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppression in chronic autoimmune neurological disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

Kovvuru

Nalleballe

Onteddu

et al. 2021

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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To study the risk of acquiring Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its outcomes in patients on immunosuppressive therapy (IST) for chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorders (aNMD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: We used TriNetX, a global health collaborative clinical research platform collecting real-time electronic medical records data, which has one of the largest known global COVID-19 database. We included patients with chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorders (aNMD) [myasthenia gravis (MG), inflammatory myositis, and chronic inflammatory neuropathies (CIN)] and MS, based on the International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10) coding for one year before January 20th, 2020. We examined the use of IST, rate of COVID-19, hospitalization, intubation, and mortality among the patients with aNMD and MS. Results: A total of 33,451 patients with aNMD and 42,899 patients with MS were included. Among them, 111 (0.33%) patients with aNMD and 115 patients (0.27%) with MS had COVID-19. About one third of them required hospitalization. IST did not appear to have a significant impact on overall infection risk in either group; however, risk of hospitalization for immunosuppressed patients with aNMD was higher (Odds ratio 2.86, p-value 0.011). Conclusions: IST use does not appear to make patients with aNMD and MS more vulnerable to COVID-19. IST may be continued during the pandemic, as previously suggested by expert opinion guidelines. However, it is important to consider individualizing immunotherapy regimens in some cases. Additional physician reported registry-based data is needed to further confirm these findings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppression in chronic autoimmune neurological disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

Kovvuru

Nalleballe

Onteddu

et al. 2021

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, the TriNetX platform allows analysis in the form of queries. The TriNetX platform has previously been described in detail in several similar studies on COVID-19 that used this platform [3,8,9,10,11]. At University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, the data from TriNetX is managed by the Arkansas Clinical Data Repository (AR-CDR) and maintained by the Department of Biomedical Informatics.…”

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients With Prior Ischemic Stroke

Nalleballe¹,

Siddamreddy²,

Sheng³

et al. 2020

Cureus

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Background: It is uncertain if patients with prior ischemic stroke are vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its complications. Methods: We used TriNetX, a global health collaborative clinical research platform with a large global COVID-19 database. COVID-19 infection was identified with a positive lab value for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and related ribonucleic acid (RNA). Findings: A total of 604,258 patients with history of ischemic stroke were identified, of which 891 patients (study cohort) were diagnosed with COVID-19. A control cohort with 32,136 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 after January 20 th 2020 without a history of ischemic stroke were identified. A comparison between study cohort and control cohort showed patients with prior history of stroke (study cohort) were older (69.5 vs 47.8; p<0.0001) and had more comorbidities contributing to worse clinical outcomes. After propensity matching for demographic variables and comorbidities, only rate of hospitalization (287 vs 231; p=0.0035) and need for critical care services (85 vs 55; p=0.0082) remained statistically significant while intubation (51 vs 43; p=0.39) and death (119 vs 115; p=0.77) showed trends towards worse outcomes but were not statistically significant. Interpretation: Patients with history of ischemic stroke tend to be significantly older with several comorbid conditions contributing to worse clinical outcomes after COVID-19, which makes them a vulnerable population.

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“…SARS-CoV-2 has very adversely affected the USA, Brazil, India, Russia, South Africa, Peru, Mexico, Chile, Spain, the United Kingdom (UK), Iran, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Italy and other countries. The disease incidences are lower in children than adults but exhibit all symptoms of a disease like adults [ 15 ]. The lessons learned from earlier threats of SARS, MERS and the present COVID-19 pandemic situations warrants designing and implementing some modified plans and strategies to combat emerging and zoonotic pathogens that could pose pandemic threats/risks while taking away many human lives [ 11 , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 jumping the species barrier: Zoonotic lessons from SARS, MERS and recent advances to combat this pandemic virus

Dhama

Patel

Sharun

et al. 2020

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

191

137

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - Coronavirus-2) of the family Coronaviridae , appeared in China in December 2019. This disease was declared as posing Public Health International Emergency by World Health Organization on January 30, 2020, attained the status of a very high-risk category on February 29, and now having a pandemic status (March 11). COVID-19 has presently spread to more than 215 countries/territories while killing nearly 0.75 million humans out of cumulative confirmed infected asymptomatic or symptomatic cases accounting to almost 20.5 million as of August 12, 2020, within a short period of just a few months. Researchers worldwide are pacing with high efforts to counter the spread of this virus and to design effective vaccines and therapeutics/drugs. Few of the studies have shown the potential of the animal-human interface and zoonotic links in the origin of SARS-CoV-2. Exploring the possible zoonosis and revealing the factors responsible for its initial transmission from animals to humans will pave ways to design and implement effective preventive and control strategies to counter the COVID-19. The present review presents a comprehensive overview of COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2, with emphasis on the role of animals and their jumping the cross-species barriers, experiences learned from SARS- and MERS-CoVs, zoonotic links, and spillover events, transmission to humans and rapid spread, and highlights the new advances in diagnosis, vaccine and therapies, preventive and control measures, one health concept along with recent research developments to counter this pandemic disease.

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Spectrum of COVID‐19 in children

Cited by 41 publications

References 4 publications

Immunosuppression in chronic autoimmune neurological disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

Immunosuppression in chronic autoimmune neurological disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients With Prior Ischemic Stroke

SARS-CoV-2 jumping the species barrier: Zoonotic lessons from SARS, MERS and recent advances to combat this pandemic virus

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