Spectrum of Movement Disorder Emergencies in a Tertiary Care Center in India

Abstract

Introduction: Movement disorders can present in emergency services in an acute severe form which can be life threatening if not recognized. The relative frequency and spectrum of movement disorder emergencies have not been studied extensively. We studied the frequency, spectrum, and outcome of patients presenting with movement disorders emergencies. Methods: This was a prospective, descriptive single center study. Patients presenting with acute movement disorders to the neurology emergency services of the institute during the study period from April 2019 to June 2021 were analyzed. Results: A total of 71 patients presented with acute movement disorders during the study period. Out of them, 65 patients had hyperkinetic and 6 patients had hypokinetic movement disorders emergencies. Fifteen patients were below the age of 18 years. Chorea (59.1%) was the most common movement disorder emergencies followed by dystonia and myoclonus in adults. Dystonia (33.3%) was the common movement disorder emergencies in children. Hyperglycemia followed by stroke was the most common etiology of acute movement disorders. Conclusion: This study brings out some novel findings on the movement disorders emergencies in Indian scenario. Chorea was the most common movement disorder emergencies presenting to the neurology emergency services. Early recognition and management of movement disorders emergencies help in reducing morbidity.

Overview of management of infection-related movement disorders with focus on specific-infections

“…With improving prevention and management strategies the burden is decreasing but is still a major concern in tropical and poor socio-economic countries. Infections are one of the common causes of secondary movement disorders accounting for around 10–20 % of secondary MD, according to various studies [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] . The prevalence, spectrum and pattern of IRMD may vary based on the nature of the infections, host factors, geography, latency from the infections to the development of MD, and the underlying mechanisms of developing MD.…”