Spectrum of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive determinants of child undernutrition: a multisectoral cross-sectional study in rural Mozambique

Aiga, Hirotsugu; Nomura, Marika; Langa, José Paulo; Mahomed, Mussagy; Marlene, Rosa; Alage, Albertina; Trindade, Nilton; Buene, Dino; Hiraoka, Hiroshi; Nakada, Shunichi; Arinde, Edgar; Varimelo, José; Chivale, Américo Jeremias

doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000182

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Household wealth index was calculated based on household assets and housing quality and was used as proxy indicator for socioeconomic status of mothers. By using principal component analysis, the socioeconomic status of mothers was then categorized into five groups (thus, wealth quintiles: poorest, poorer, middle, richer, richest) [ 35 ]. Maternal knowledge score was calculated for each respondent.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: a cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana

Adjei-Gyamfi,

Musah,

Asirifi

et al. 2023

J Health Popul Nutr

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Background Abnormal birthweights are critical public health challenges accountable for most non-communicable diseases and perinatal mortalities. Regardless of the myriad of mixed evidence on maternal factors responsible for abnormal birthweight globally, most of these findings are attained from urban and rural settings. This study serves as one of the key pieces of evidence in view of the increasing prevalence of abnormal birthweight particularly in some parts of semi-rural Ghana. The study, therefore, aims to estimate the prevalence of abnormal birthweight and identify some possible maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight in Northern Ghana. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Savelugu municipality from February–March 2022. A total of 356 mothers aged 16–46 years, having a neonate and attending postnatal care service, were recruited as study participants. Data were collected from maternal and child health record books and through structured interviews. To identify the maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight, chi-square/Fischer’s exact test and multinomial logistic regression were employed as bivariate and multivariate analyses, respectively, at 95% confidence level. Results Prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were 22.2% and 8.7%, respectively. Maternal anaemia in first trimester (AOR 3.226; 95% CI 1.372–7.784) and third trimester (AOR 23.94; 95% CI 7.442–70.01) of gestation was strong predictors for low birthweight. Mothers belonging to minority ethnic groups (AOR 0.104; 95% CI 0.011–0.995); mothers who had ≥ 8 antenatal care visits (AOR 0.249; 95% CI 0.103–0.602); and mothers having neonates whose birth length > 47.5 cm (AOR 0.271; 95% CI 0.113–0.651) had reduced odds for low birthweight. Alternatively, mothers with gestational weeks ≥ 42 (AOR 23.21; 95% CI 4.603–56.19) and mothers from the richest households (highest socioeconomic homes) (AOR 14.25; 95% CI 1.638–23.91) were more likely to birth to macrosomic infants. Conclusion The prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were relatively high. Anaemia in the first and third trimesters was strong determinants of low birthweight. Being minority ethnic group, frequency of antenatal visits, and childbirth length reduced the risk of low-weight births. Advanced gestational age and socioeconomic status of mothers were also predictors of macrosomia. Hence, nutrition counselling, community health education, and promotion of lifestyle improvement coupled with strengthening of health service delivery are recommended interventions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: a cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana

Adjei-Gyamfi,

Musah,

Asirifi

et al. 2023

J Health Popul Nutr

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“…The risk-covariate factors included child-level, household head–related, and household factors selected based on previous literature that examined risk factors of under-5 malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries ( 37–40 ). Child-level factors comprised sex, parity, history of illness in the past 30 d before the survey, child breastfeeding status, and age of introduction of semi-solid food, which were treated as dichotomous variables in the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malnutrition and Associated Risk Factors among Children 6–59 Months Old in the Landslide-Prone Bududa District, Eastern Uganda: A Cohort Study

Nahalomo

Iversen²,

Andreassen³

et al. 2022

Current Developments in Nutrition

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Background The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2.2 calls for end to all forms of malnutrition. This might be derailed due to persistent landslide disasters in low-income countries like Uganda. Objectives The prevalence of malnutrition and the impact of seasonal variations and associated factors were assessed among children 6–59 months in the landslide-affected households in Bududa District, Eastern Uganda. Methods A prospective cohort study using a two-stage simple random technique was applied to select 422 households including 392 children during May-August (food-plenty season) 2019. After six months, in January-March (food-poor season) 2020, 388 households and 366 children were assessed. Socio-economic- and demographic data were collected using structured questionnaires. Child malnutrition outcomes were defined according to WHO criteria. Factors associated with malnutrition outcomes were identified by bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results Stunting, underweight, wasting and overweight prevalence was 37.7%, 13.3%, 3.6% and 4.3%, respectively, in food-plenty season and 42.6%, 14.2%, 2.1% and 2.7%, respectively, in food-poor season. Residing in the landslide affected sub-county increased the odds for stunting (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08, 2.59; P = 0.025) and underweight (aOR = 4.25, 95% CI: 1.10, 15.36; P = 0.032) for children in food-plenty season. Child's age, sex, breastfeeding status, a non-improved drinking water source, migration of any household member and parents’ education, were significant risk factors in food-plenty season. In food-poor season, parent's education status, loss of any household member, child's sex and child's age were significant risk factors. Conclusions Stunting and underweight were more prevalent in food-poor season while wasting and overweight were more prevalent in food-plenty season. With exception of child age, child sex and parents’ education, child malnutrition risk factors differed between food-plenty and food-poor season. There is need to address seasonality factors in program intervention targeting children under-five years in landslide-prone areas.

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“…By using principal component analysis, the socioeconomic status of mothers was then categorized into ve groups (thus, wealth quintiles). 35 Maternal knowledge score was calculated for each respondent. Correct responses were scored one point while incorrect responses did not receive any point for the knowledge-related questions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: A cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana

Adjei-Gyamfi

Musah

Asirifi³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Abnormal birthweights are critical public health challenges accountable for most non-communicable diseases and perinatal mortalities. Regardless of the myriad of mixed evidence on maternal factors responsible for abnormal birthweight globally, most of these findings are attained from urban and rural settings. This study serves as one of key pieces of evidence in view of the increasing prevalence of abnormal birthweight particularly in some parts of semi-rural Ghana. The study therefore aims to estimate prevalence of abnormal birthweight and identify some possible maternal risk factors for abnormal birthweight in Northern Ghana. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Savelugu municipality from February-March 2022. A total of 356 mothers aged 16−46 years and having a child born during the last four weeks, were recruited as study participants. Data were collected from maternal and child health record books and through structured interviews. Bivariate (Chi-square and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests) and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses were employed to identify maternal factors for abnormal birthweight at 95% significance level. Results Prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were 22.2% and 8.7% respectively. Maternal anaemia in first trimester (aOR:4.041; 95%CI: 1.741−9.381) and third trimester (aOR:25.71; 95%CI: 8.245−80.18) of gestation were strong predictors for low birthweight. Mothers belonging to minority ethnic groups (aOR:0.089; 95%CI: 0.009−0.859); mothers who had ≥ 8 antenatal care visits (aOR:0.264; 95%CI: 0.112−0.622); and mothers having neonates whose birth length > 47.5cm (aOR:0.280; 95%CI: 0.117−0.670) had reduced odds for low birthweight. Alternatively, mothers with gestational weeks ≥ 42 had 9.713 times higher risk of giving birth to macrosomic neonates (95%CI: 2.127−44.34). Mothers were more likely to deliver macrosomic neonates through caesarian section (aOR:4.981; 95%CI: 1.498−16.57). Conclusion The prevalence rates of low birthweight and macrosomia were relatively high. Anaemia in the first and third trimesters, and advanced gestational and caesarian section delivery age were strong determinants of low birthweight and macrosomia respectively. Being minority ethnic group, frequency of antenatal care visits, and childbirth length reduced the risk of low-weight births. Hence, nutrition counseling, community health education, and promotion of lifestyle improvement coupled with strengthening of health service delivery are recommended interventions.

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Spectrum of nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive determinants of child undernutrition: a multisectoral cross-sectional study in rural Mozambique

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: a cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana

Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: a cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana

Malnutrition and Associated Risk Factors among Children 6–59 Months Old in the Landslide-Prone Bududa District, Eastern Uganda: A Cohort Study

Maternal risk factors for low birthweight and macrosomia: A cross-sectional study in Northern Region, Ghana

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