Spectrum of Radiation Background Under Water

Riel, G.K.; Dolfis, John P.; Simons, Donald G.

doi:10.1038/188266a0

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Natural Long-lived Nuclides1

Introduction1

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1962

1973

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Article4

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Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Burton (1965) andRiel et al (1960) have demonstrated that this nuclide dominates the gamma ray spectrum of sea water. Rubidium-87 is a relatively abundant radionuclide in sea water, but both of these isotopes are of little use and have seldom been measured by oceanographers.…”

Section: Natural Long-lived Nuclidesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analytical methods in oceanography I. Inorganic methods

Spencer

Brewer

1970

C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences

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Section: Natural Long-lived Nuclidesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analytical methods in oceanography I. Inorganic methods

Spencer

Brewer

1970

C R C Critical Reviews in Solid State Sciences

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“…This method was chosen for the foIIowing reasons : (1) In almost every case, the radioisotopes to be investigated consist of a mixture of u, j3 and y radiators. y-rays are the most sensitive to trace because of their great range in water, therefore, the y-radiating isotope can be used 'as a tracer for the a and j3 radiators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gamma-ray Spectrometer Probe for the Measurement of Radioactive Pollution in the Sea

Wedekind¹

1973

Health Physics

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The mechanical and electrical construction of the probe is described. In order to provide a critical judgment of the applicability of this probe in operation, the necessary calibration curves for spectrometrical and total-gamma measurement are included as well as the calibration methods used. To improve the instrument's accuracy for y-spectrometry, in water the attachment of a lead cylinder is recommended, however, for total-gamma measurements on the seabed an arrangement for "offset" geometry is required. The conditions for measurement in the sea and their influence upon the limits of detection are investigated.

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“…In typical measurements of high-energy ;z meson flux, multiple detectors operating in coincidence are used to reduce the count rate from secondaries and from lower energy background radiation [Barrett, Bollinger, Cocconi, Eisenberg, and Greisen, 1952]. While measuring background radiation spectra under water [Riel, Dolfis, and Simons, 1960], it became evident that • single detector with energy discrimination could be used to distinguish between events from cosmic rays and from radioactive nuclides. These measurements showed that the maximum energy resulting from any naturally radioactive source have not yet been published.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%