Speech-and-gesture integration in high functioning autism

Silverman, Laura B.; Bennetto, Loisa; Campana, Ellen; Tanenhaus, Michael K.

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2010.01.002

Cited by 73 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Research has shown that children with ASD respond to attention-directing gestures better when they are presented without accompanying speech (Loveland & Landry, 1986) and that representational co-speech gesture delays comprehension in high functioning adolescents with ASD, yet facilitates comprehension for the control group (Silverman, Bennetto, Campana, & Tanenhaus, 2010). This cannot not be ascribed to a general comprehension difficulty, as the ASD group out-performed the control group in the speech-only condition.…”

Section: Audio-visual Integration In Children With Asdmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The authors suggest activation in these latter areas represents the integration of audio and visual information, which is lacking in the ASD group. Silverman et al (2010) and colleagues have clearly demonstrated that the presence of cospeech gesture hinders the processing of those utterances. The explanation for this finding is suggested to be that the sensory perception of auditory and visual information does not become integrated during processing.…”

Section: Audio-visual Integration In Children With Asdmentioning

confidence: 96%

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The development of co-speech gesture in the communication of children with autism spectrum disorders

Sowden

Clegg

Perkins

2013

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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Co-speech gestures have a close semantic relationship to speech in adult conversation. In typically developing children co-speech gestures which give additional information to speech facilitate the emergence of multi-word speech. A difficulty with integrating audio-visual information is known to exist for individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), which may affect development of the speech-gesture system. A longitudinal observational study was conducted with four children with ASD, aged 2;4 to 3;5 years. Participants were video-recorded for 20 min every 2 weeks during their attendance on an intervention programme. Recording continued for up to 8 months, thus affording a rich analysis of gestural practices from pre-verbal to multi-word speech across the group. All participants combined gesture with either speech or vocalisations. Co-speech gestures providing additional information to speech were observed to be either absent or rare. Findings suggest that children with ASD do not make use of the facilitating communicative effects of gesture in the same way as typically developing children.

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Section: Audio-visual Integration In Children With Asdmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Audio-visual Integration In Children With Asdmentioning

confidence: 96%

The development of co-speech gesture in the communication of children with autism spectrum disorders

Sowden

Clegg

Perkins

2013

Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics

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“…It follows that the results might be indicative of a more general impairment in socio-communicative sensory integration. Individuals with ASD were also found to be slower than TD individuals at processing speech when gestures accompanied the auditory information (Silverman et al 2010). Not only was there no evidence of MSI facilitation in ASD, but the addition of visual sensory information (i.e., gestures) actually hindered speech processing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Multisensory Integration of Low-level Information in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Measuring Susceptibility to the Flash-Beep Illusion

Bao

Doobay

Mottron

et al. 2017

J Autism Dev Disord

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Previous studies have suggested audiovisual multisensory integration (MSI) may be atypical in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, much of the research having found an alteration in MSI in ASD involved sociocommunicative stimuli. The goal of the current study was to investigate MSI abilities in ASD using lowerlevel stimuli that are not socio-communicative in nature by testing susceptibility to auditory-guided visual illusions. Adolescents and adults with ASD and typicallydeveloping (TD)individuals were shown to have similar susceptibility to a fission illusion. However, the ASD group was significantly more susceptible to the fusion illusion. Results suggest that individuals with ASD demonstrate MSI on the flashbeep illusion task but that their integration of audiovisual sensory information may be less selective than for TD individuals. Various theories attempt to explain the perceptual and sensory processing differences that make up the specific cognitive architecture of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and make the link between sensory processing and the core features (i.e., socio-communicative impairments and repetitive/restricted patterns of behaviors and interests) of ASD ( . One commonality to these cognitive theories is to hypothesize atypical sensory integration in ASD, both within and across sensory modalities (i.e., sight, hearing, touch, etc.).While research on Multisensory Integration (MSI) in ASD has expanded, there remain many questions to be answered with regard to the sensory integration capabilities of individuals with ASD. Much of the information on MSI in ASD has originated from studies examining the integration of sensory stimuli that are socio-communicative in nature (i.e., speech and faces; Brandwein et al. 2013;Mongillo et al. 2008). The McGurk effect (i.e., illusory auditory perception influenced by discordant visual information) has been one frontrunner paradigm for studying MSI in TD individuals as well as in ASD (Foxe and Molholm 2009;Iarocci and McDonald 2006). While some studies have identified a diminished McGurk effect in ASD (Bebko et al. 2014;Mongillo et al. 2008;Williams et al. 2004), others have found that the effect is contingent on developmental factors (Taylor et al. 2010), socio-communicative impairments (Iarocci et al. 2010, or task-related temporal factors (Woynaroski et al. 2013).The speech-in-noise paradigm, which is based on the facilitatory effect of multisensory stimulation, has also been used to better understand multisensory integration processes in typical development as well as in ASD. Using the speech-in noise approach to compare adolescents with Abstract Previous studies have suggested audiovisual multisensory integration (MSI) may be atypical in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, much of the research having found an alteration in MSI in ASD involved sociocommunicative stimuli. The goal of the current study was to investigate MSI abilities in ASD using lower-level stimuli that are not socio-communicative in nature by testing susceptibility to au...

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“…This impairment could exacerbate the difficulties that people with PDD face when simultaneously processing visual and auditory stimuli ( [22], [23], [24], [25], [26])). Therefore we set forth to investigate whether children with PDD tend to gaze at an adult's face differently when the adult talks to them, from when the adult makes a facial expression of emotion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, Magnée et al [25] found impairments in audio-visual integration of speech stimuli in male adults with PDD. Recently, Silverman et al [26] examined iconic gesture comprehension in adolescents with high functioning autism and found that the subjects with diagnosis present difficulties in simultaneously processing speech and gestures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wearable Camera Detects Gaze Peculiarities during Social Interactions in Young Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders

Magrelli

Noris

Jermann

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Auton. Mental Dev.

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Abstract-We report on the study of gazes, conducted on children with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), by using a novel head-mounted eye-tracking device called the WearCam. Due to the portable nature of the WearCam, we are able to monitor naturalistic interactions between the children and adults.The study involved a group of 3 to 11 year-old children (n=13) with PDD compared to a group of typically developing (TD) children (n=13) between 2 and 6-years old. We found significant differences between the two groups, in terms of the proportion and the frequency of episodes of directly looking at faces during the whole set of experiments.We also conducted a differentiated analysis, in two social conditions, of the gaze patterns directed to an adult's face when the adult addressed the child either verbally or through facial expression of emotion. We observe that children with PDD show a marked tendency to look more at the face of the adult when she makes facial expressions rather than when she speaks.

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Speech-and-gesture integration in high functioning autism

Cited by 73 publications

References 70 publications

The development of co-speech gesture in the communication of children with autism spectrum disorders

The development of co-speech gesture in the communication of children with autism spectrum disorders

Multisensory Integration of Low-level Information in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Measuring Susceptibility to the Flash-Beep Illusion

A Wearable Camera Detects Gaze Peculiarities during Social Interactions in Young Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders

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