Speed and Position Estimation for Sensorless Control of PMSM: A Critical Review

The failure of Hall sensors can give rise to loss of rotor position and speed information, which can result in loss of control of the speed loop, spatial decoupling errors, and affecting system stability in three-phase PMSM control system. To solve this problem, a Hall fault-tolerant control system based on sensorless state switching is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a three-phase PMSM control system based on FOC is established to analyze and clarify the importance of rotor position and speed signals. Secondly, a detection scheme based on Hall change edge signal is designed to detect the health status of Hall sensors and implement fault-tolerant state switching. For the stability of the system, a sliding mode observer is built to obtain the back electromotive force(back-EMF). In addition, the phase-locked loop is designed to extract the rotor position and speed information from the back-EMF. When the system enters a fault-tolerant state, changes in the speed feedback loop can affect the control performance of the system. Therefore, the speed loop PI parameter optimization scheme based PSO algorithm is proposed to optimize the performance of the fault tolerant control system. Finally, the effectiveness of the fault-tolerant method based on the sensorless state switching after particle swarm optimization is verified on a semi-physical platform (RCP-HIL). The experimental results show that the Hall fault-tolerant control system proposed in this paper can effectively detect Hall sensor faults and cut into the fault-tolerant control state, and can maintain the control system stable during fault-tolerant state switching. Furthermore, the control system can maintain an observation error of ±30rpm under variable load or variable speed conditions at medium and high speeds when the system enters fault-tolerant control state.

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The Hall Sensors Fault-Tolerant for PMSM Based on Switching Sensorless Control With PI Parameters Optimization

Huang

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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Effects of Electromagnet Interference on Speed and Position Estimations of Sensorless SPMSM

XUE,

YAN,

LIU

et al. 2024

IEICE Trans. Electron.

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Model-based sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is promising for high-speed operation to estimate motor state, which is the speed and the position of the rotor, via electric signals of the stator, beside the inevitable fact that estimation accuracy is degraded by electromagnet interference (EMI) from switching devices of the converter. In this paper, the simulation system based on Luenberger observer and phase-locked loop (PLL) has been established, analyzing impacts of EMI on motor state estimations theoretically, exploring influences of EMI with different cutoff frequency, rated speeds, frequencies and amplitudes. The results show that Luenberger observer and PLL have strong immunity, which enable PMSM can still operate stably even under certain degrees of interference. EMI produces sideband harmonics that enlarge pulsation errors of speed and position estimations. Additionally, estimation errors are positively correlated with cutoff frequency of low-pass filter and the amplitude of EMI, and negatively correlated with rated speed of the motor and the frequency of EMI. When the frequency is too high, its effects on motor state estimations are negligible. This work contributes to the comprehensive understanding of how EMI affects motor state estimations, which further enhances practical application of sensorless PMSM.

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Speed and Position Estimation for Sensorless Control of PMSM: A Critical Review

Cited by 2 publications

References 86 publications

The Hall Sensors Fault-Tolerant for PMSM Based on Switching Sensorless Control With PI Parameters Optimization

The Hall Sensors Fault-Tolerant for PMSM Based on Switching Sensorless Control With PI Parameters Optimization

Effects of Electromagnet Interference on Speed and Position Estimations of Sensorless SPMSM

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