Speed of Sound Measurements on Zirconyl Soap Solutions in Xylene + Methanol

and, K. N. Mehrotra; Anis, M.

doi:10.1021/je950216u

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The CMC of Zr(Oct) 2 has been poorly studied, with reports only on the structure of inverse micelles in nonpolar solvents using SANS and small-angle X-ray scattering 109 and CMCs reported by measuring the speed of sound in the surfactant solution in a semi-polar solvent. 110 3 Charged colloids in nonpolar solvents…”

Section: Inverse Micellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling colloid charge in nonpolar liquids with surfactants

Smith

Eastoe

2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

100

146

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The formation of ions in nonpolar solvents (with relative permittivity ε r of approximately 2) is more difficult than in polar liquids; however, these charged species play an important role in many applications, such as electrophoretic displays. The low permittivities (ε r) of these solvents mean that charges have to be separated by large distances to be stable (approximately 28 nm or 40 times that in water). The inverse micelles formed by surfactants in these solvents provide an environment to stabilize ions and charges. Common surfactants used are sodium dioctylsulfosuccinate (Aerosol OT or AOT), polyisobutylene succinimide, sorbitan oleate, and zirconyl 2-ethyl hexanoate. The behavior of charged inverse micelles has been studied on both the bulk and on the microscopic scale and can be used to determine the motion of the micelles, their structure, and the nature of the electrostatic double layer. Colloidal particles are only weakly charged in the absence of surfactant, but in the presence of surfactants, many types, including polymers, metal oxides, carbon blacks, and pigments, have been observed to become positively or negatively charged. Several mechanisms have been proposed as the origin of surface charge, including acid-base reactions between the colloid and the inverse micelle, preferential adsorption of charged inverse micelles, or dissolution of surface species. While most studies vary only the concentration of surfactant, systematic variation of the particle surface chemistry or the surfactant structure have provided insight into the origin of charging in nonpolar liquids. By carefully varying system parameters and working to understand the interactions between surfactants and colloidal surfaces, further advances will be made leading to better understanding of the origin of charge and to the development of more effective surfactants.

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Section: Inverse Micellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling colloid charge in nonpolar liquids with surfactants

Smith

Eastoe

2013

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

100

146

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“…The literature survey shows that various workers studied acoustical parameters mostly for liquids, [1][2][3] liquid mixtures, [3][4][5][6] solutions of salts, 7,8 polymers, 9,10 biological molecules [11][12][13] etc. In our laboratory, we have studied acoustical properties of some Schiff bases in different solvents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustical Studies of Some Schiff Bases in 1,4‐Dioxane and Dimethylformamide at 318.15 K

Baluja

2006

Chin. J. Chem.

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From experimental data of density, viscosity and ultrasonic velocity, the various acoustical properties, such as specific impedance (Z), isentropic compressibility (κ s ), Rao's molar sound function (R m ), the van der Waals constant (b), molar compressibility (W), intermolecular free length (L f ), relaxation strength (r), internal pressure (π), free volume (V f ), solvation number (S n ) etc., were calculated for three Schiff bases in 1,4-dioxane and dimethylformamide (DMF) at 318.15 K. The results are interpreted in terms of molecular interactions occurring in the solutions.

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