Speed of the Goldstone Sound Mode of an Atomic Fermi Gas Loaded on a Square Optical Lattice with a Non-Abelian Gauge Field in the Presence of a Zeeman Field

Abstract

The speed of the Goldstone sound mode of a spin-orbit-coupled atomic Fermi gas loaded in a square optical lattice with a nonAbelian gauge field in the presence of a Zeeman field is calculated within the Gaussian approximation and from the Bethe-Salpeter equation in the generalized random phase approximation. It is found that (i) there is no sharp change of the slope of the Goldstone sound mode across the topological quantum phase transition point and (ii) the Gaussian approximation significantly overestimates the speed of sound of the Goldstone mode compared to the value provided by the BS formalism.