Speed tracking control design of a five-phase PMSM-based electric vehicle: a backstepping active fault-tolerant approach

Bensalem, Yemna; Abbassi, Abelkader; Abbassi, Rabeh; Jerbi, Houssem; Alturki, Mansoor; Albaker, Abdullah; Kouzou, Abdallah; Abdelkrim, Mohamed Naceur

doi:10.1007/s00202-021-01467-3

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The use of multiphase electric machines either as motors or as power generators is deployed, and several related application examples can be noted (Zhou et al, 2017; COMPEL 43,1 Salehifar et al, 2016;Sari et al, 2018;Mekri et al, 2010). Some results on the use of such motors in the traction of EVs and the related control techniques can also be found in Chagam and Devabhaktuni (2023), Bensalem et al (2022), Shi et al (2020), Huang et al (2021) and Zhang et al (2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optimal control for the five-phase induction motor-based traction system of electric vehicles

Rigatos,

Siano,

Al-Numay

et al. 2024

COMPEL

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Purpose The purpose of this article is to treat the nonlinear optimal control problem in EV traction systems which are based on 5-phase induction motors. Five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors and five-phase asynchronous induction motors (IMs) are among the types of multiphase motors one can consider for the traction system of electric vehicles (EVs). By distributing the required power in a large number of phases, the power load of each individual phase is reduced. The cumulative rates of power in multiphase machines can be raised without stressing the connected converters. Multiphase motors are also fault tolerant because such machines remain functional even if failures affect certain phases. Design/methodology/approach A novel nonlinear optimal control approach has been developed for five-phase IMs. The dynamic model of the five-phase IM undergoes approximate linearization using Taylor series expansion and the computation of the associated Jacobian matrices. The linearization takes place at each sampling instance. For the linearized model of the motor, an H-infinity feedback controller is designed. This controller achieves the solution of the optimal control problem under model uncertainty and disturbances. Findings To select the feedback gains of the nonlinear optimal (H-infinity) controller, an algebraic Riccati equation has to be solved repetitively at each time-step of the control method. The global stability properties of the control loop are demonstrated through Lyapunov analysis. Under moderate conditions, the global asymptotic stability properties of the control scheme are proven. The proposed nonlinear optimal control method achieves fast and accurate tracking of reference setpoints under moderate variations of the control inputs. Research limitations/implications Comparing to other nonlinear control methods that one could have considered for five-phase IMs, the presented nonlinear optimal (H-infinity) control approach avoids complicated state-space model transformations, is of proven global stability and its use does not require the model of the motor to be brought into a specific state-space form. The nonlinear optimal control method has clear implementation stages and moderate computational effort. Practical implications In the transportation sector, there is progressive transition to EVs. The use of five-phase IMs in EVs exhibits specific advantages, by achieving a more balanced distribution of power in the multiple phases of the motor and by providing fault tolerance. The study’s nonlinear optimal control method for five-phase IMs enables high performance for such motors and their efficient use in the traction system of EVs. Social implications Nonlinear optimal control for five-phase IMs supports the deployment of their use in EVs. Therefore, it contributes to the net-zero objective that aims at eliminating the emission of harmful exhaust gases coming from human activities. Most known manufacturers of vehicles have shifted to the production of all-electric cars. The study’s findings can optimize the traction system of EVs thus also contributing to the growth of the EV industry. Originality/value The proposed nonlinear optimal control method is novel comparing to past attempts for solving the optimal control problem for nonlinear dynamical systems. It uses a novel approach for selecting the linearization points and a new Riccati equation for computing the feedback gains of the controller. The nonlinear optimal control method is applicable to a wider class of dynamical systems than approaches based on the solution of state-dependent Riccati equations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear optimal control for the five-phase induction motor-based traction system of electric vehicles

Rigatos,

Siano,

Al-Numay

et al. 2024

COMPEL

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“…Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have become increasingly popular in various modern AC servo systems, including robotics, CNC machine tools, and aerospace applications owing to their excellent performance, high power density, straightforward structure, and lightweight characteristics [1][2][3], which especially popular in the field of electric vehicles [4][5][6]. The traditional control strategy employed for PMSMs is the proportional-integral (PI) control, which offers simplicity and stability advantages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barrier-Function-Based Adaptive Fast-Terminal Sliding-Mode Control for a PMSM Speed-Regulation System

Che,

Ma,

et al. 2024

Electronics

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Barrier-function-based adaptive fast-terminal sliding-mode control approaches have been devised to enhance the precision of speed regulation of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). Firstly, the speed loop utilizes fast-terminal sliding-mode control, which contributes to a faster convergence rate and enhances the robustness of the system. By adopting this control technique, the system can quickly reach the desired speed setpoint and effectively handle disturbances. Secondly, an adaptive law based on the barrier function is employed to adjust the control gain adaptively. The proposed adaptive law considers the magnitude of the disturbance and effectively mitigates chattering resulting from excessive switching gain. Unlike conventional control methods, the design of the adaptive fast-terminal sliding-mode control does not require attaining the upper limit of the lumped disturbances. Experimental results are presented to validate the proposed approach. These results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the conventional terminal sliding mode control technique in terms of handling both external and internal disturbances.

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“…Compared with traditional three-phase motors, multiphase motors have the advantages of low-voltage high power, low torque pulsation, and high reliability. They have good application prospects in the fields of aerospace, ship propulsion, and wind power generation [1][2][3][4][5]. The good fault-tolerant ability is a significant advantage for multiphase motors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fault-Tolerant Direct Torque Control of Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor under Single Open-Phase Fault Based on Virtual Vectors

Zhou,

Zhong,

Sun

et al. 2024

Energies

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In the existing literature, direct torque control (DTC) by synthesizing virtual vectors can effectively suppress low-order harmonic currents under the single open-phase fault (OPF) of the five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), but the sectors and the look-up tables need to be redesigned, which makes the control process more complicated. In order to solve this problem, an indirect correction method of virtual vectors is proposed, and the amplitudes of the virtual vectors are maximized. The fault-tolerant DTC strategy under the OPF ensures that there is no need to re-divide the sectors under the fault. And the selection rules of the look-up tables are consistent with the healthy operation. The difference is that the amplitudes of ten virtual vectors in the faulty operation are reduced, which simplifies the control process and is easy to implement. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy were verified by experiments.

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Speed tracking control design of a five-phase PMSM-based electric vehicle: a backstepping active fault-tolerant approach

Cited by 9 publications

References 38 publications

Nonlinear optimal control for the five-phase induction motor-based traction system of electric vehicles

Nonlinear optimal control for the five-phase induction motor-based traction system of electric vehicles

Barrier-Function-Based Adaptive Fast-Terminal Sliding-Mode Control for a PMSM Speed-Regulation System

Fault-Tolerant Direct Torque Control of Five-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor under Single Open-Phase Fault Based on Virtual Vectors

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