Spermatogenesis and Germ Cell Death

Hikim, Amiya P. Sinha; Lue, Y. H.; Wang, C.; Swerdloff, Ronald S.

doi:10.1007/978-0-585-38145-9_2

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…31−33 Virtually all sperm in the cauda epididymis of 100 μg/kg treated rats showed severe ultrastructural defects including chromatin decondensation and complete absence of the plasma membrane over the entire tail as well as vacuolated mitochondria. 31,33 However, in reversibility studies, only four of the six triptolide-treated rats had successful matings 14 weeks after treatment cessation, while all 6 rats from the control group remained fertile. 33 These studies found no differences in body weight or weights of reproductive organs, and no discernible effect on plasma levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), or testosterone at high or low dose, suggesting a nonhormonal mechanism of action.…”

Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products with Potential for Nonhormonal Male Contraception

2021

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Despite increased access to contraception over the last 60 years, unplanned pregnancies continue to contribute to economic disparities and overpopulation. Additionally, the burden of family planning falls primarily on women, as a reliable pharmaceutical male contraceptive has yet to be developed. The objective of this literature-based systematic review was to identify compounds for future study from natural sources with potential nonhormonal male contraceptive activity. After the exclusion of extracts and compounds with known hormonal mechanisms, 26 unique compounds were identified from natural species. The plant source, compound class, structure, target, mechanism of action, safety/toxicity profile, and in vitro, in vivo, and human studies for each compound were evaluated and discussed. β-Caryophyllene, embelin, oleanolic acid, triptonide, and N-butyldeoxynojirimycin (NB-DNJ) were selected as the five most promising compounds for future study using prespecified criteria such as number of studies, efficacy and safety profile, reversibility, and previous use in humans for any indication. In order to move forward with development of a male contraceptive from a natural source, additional studies are needed to determine the predicted safety and efficacy for in vivo and human clinical trials.

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Section: ■ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Products with Potential for Nonhormonal Male Contraception

2021

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“…11 Because its anti-fertility was, for its short period of exposure, found to be selective and reversible, triptolide was originally recognized as a potential post-testicular male contraceptive agent. 11,126,127 However, the long-term administration of triptolide in one animal study led to deleterious effects on spermatogenesis and irreversible infertility even after cessation of the treatment. 128 Thus, it is critical but difficult to find an optimum dosage at which triptolide could induce reversible infertility without causing permanent impairment of spermatogenesis.…”

Section: Anti-fertility Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Triptolide: structural modifications, structure–activity relationships, bioactivities, clinical development and mechanisms

et al. 2012

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“…Two studies from Swerdloff and colleagues in rats have shown that 0.1 mg kg −1 triptolide (treatment for 70-82 days) only induced subtle change in testis in SD rats, but greatly decreased the cauda epididymal sperm content. 43,44 In this study, consecutive administration of triptolide (0.0625 mg kg −1 -0.125 mg kg −1 ) for 60 days caused severe testis injury in C57BL/6 mice (Fig. S4 †).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%