Spermicidal activity of Magainins: in vitro and in vivo studies

Reddy, K. J.; Shahani, Savitri K.; Meherji, Parvin K.

doi:10.1016/0010-7824(96)00038-8

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Such contraceptive antimicrobial compounds are of particular clinical interest because consumer preference studies suggest that most women worldwide prefer a vaginal prophylactic product that is both antimicrobial and contraceptive (Zaneveld et al 2002). Earlier in vitro studies by other investigators and our own studies revealed that magainin A is spermicidal (Edelstein et al 1996, Reddy et al 1996 and an effective contraceptive agent in rats and rabbits (Reddy et al 1996, Reddy & Manjramkar 2000. Generally compounds that fail to immobilize sperm within 20 s are unacceptable because of the rapidity with which sperm migrate into the cervix and upper reproductive tract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, compounds such as heparin and dextrin sulfate immobilize sperm in vitro but are not contraceptive in vivo (Parrish et al 1989). The spermicidal dose required for the control of fertility varies between species (Reddy et al 1996). For the present study, the contraceptive efficacy of nisin was evaluated using rabbit as an in vivo model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of antimicrobial peptide nisin as a safe vaginal contraceptive agent in rabbits: in vitro and in vivo studies

Reddy

Aranha²,

Gupta³

et al. 2004

Reproduction

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In the midst of the global epidemics of both unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), options that provide protection are ideal. In the present study, nisin, a known antimicrobial peptide, was evaluated for safety and contraceptive potential in vitro and in vivo in the rabbit. A concentration of 400 mg nisin per ml was found to be spermicidal in vitro, and the effect was dose and time dependent. In vivo studies indicated that intravaginal application of 1 mg nisin blocked conception in rabbits. Repeated application of nisin (50 mg/animal per day) in rabbits for 14 consecutive days did not cause local inflammation or damage to the vaginal epithelium. In addition, the rate of diffusion of nisin into the blood via the vaginal mucosal epithelium, and its clearance from the circulation was found to be rapid. No treatment-related changes were observed in the reproductive performance of rabbits after cessation of treatment. Furthermore, no changes were observed in the gestation period, subsequent growth and survival of neonates in these animals. When male rats were given nisin orally for 13 consecutive weeks, no effect was observed on reproductive performance. The number of pups born, survival and growth of pups were unaltered. The affinity studies of nisin revealed that spermatozoa are more susceptible to nisin than red blood cells and vaginal epithelial cells. We suggest that nisin with spermicidal and antimicrobial properties could serve as a safe vaginal contraceptive for future therapeutic interventions in STIs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of antimicrobial peptide nisin as a safe vaginal contraceptive agent in rabbits: in vitro and in vivo studies

Reddy

Aranha²,

Gupta³

et al. 2004

Reproduction

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“…Facilitate wound closure and reduce inflammation (Sai et al 1995;Duclohier 2010) . Spermicidal (Reddy et al 1996) . Antitumoral (Duclohier 2010) .…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Antimicrobial Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New trends in peptide-based anti-biofilm strategies: a review of recent achievements and bioinformatic approaches

2012

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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have a broad spectrum of activity and unspecific mechanisms of action. Therefore, they are seen as valid alternatives to overcome clinically relevant biofilms and reduce the chance of acquired resistance. This paper reviews AMPs and anti-biofilm AMP-based strategies and discusses ongoing and future work. Recent studies report successful AMP-based prophylactic and therapeutic strategies, several databases catalogue AMP information and analysis tools, and novel bioinformatics tools are supporting AMP discovery and design. However, most AMP studies are performed with planktonic cultures, and most studies on sessile cells test AMPs on growing rather than mature biofilms. Promising preliminary synergistic studies have to be consubstantiated and the study of functionalized coatings with AMPs must be further explored. Standardized operating protocols, to enforce the repeatability and reproducibility of AMP anti-biofilm tests, and automated means of screening and processing the ever-expanding literature are still missing.

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“…At the same concentration, magainin also show similar sperm immobilization ability (94). In addition, two synthetic magainins, magainin A and magainin G, show spermicidal activity by altering the plasma membranes of sperms (95).…”

Section: Sperm Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 90%

Antimicrobial peptides from amphibians

Xiao

Liu

Lai

2011

BioMolecular Concepts

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Increased prevalence of multi-drug resistance in pathogens has encouraged researchers to focus on finding novel forms of anti-infective agents. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) found in animal secretions are components of host innate immune response and have survived eons of pathogen evolution. Thus, they are likely to be active against pathogens and even those that are resistant to conventional drugs. Many peptides have been isolated and shown to be effective against multi-drug resistant pathogens. More than 500 AMPs have been identified from amphibians. The abundance of AMPs in frog skin is remarkable and constitutes a rich source for design of novel pharmaceutical molecules. Expression and post-translational modifications, discovery, activities and probable therapeutic application prospects of amphibian AMPs will be discussed in this article.

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Spermicidal activity of Magainins: in vitro and in vivo studies

Cited by 51 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of antimicrobial peptide nisin as a safe vaginal contraceptive agent in rabbits: in vitro and in vivo studies

Evaluation of antimicrobial peptide nisin as a safe vaginal contraceptive agent in rabbits: in vitro and in vivo studies

New trends in peptide-based anti-biofilm strategies: a review of recent achievements and bioinformatic approaches

Antimicrobial peptides from amphibians

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