Spezifische Biomarker im Kammerwasser von Glaukompatienten

Reinehr, Sabrina; Mueller‐Buehl, Ana M.; Tsai, Teresa; Joachim, Stephanie C.

doi:10.1055/a-1690-7468

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…ET-1 is widely distributed in ocular tissues, including the retina and ONH. 46 In patients with glaucoma, ET-1 levels in the aqueous humor 47 and plasma 48 are higher than in healthy controls. Short-term treatment with a mixed ET A and ET B receptor antagonist increased ocular blood flow in patients with glaucoma and healthy subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nicotinamide Prevents Retinal Vascular Dropout in a Rat Model of Ocular Hypertension and Supports Ocular Blood Supply in Glaucoma Patients

Gustavsson,

Enz,

Tribble

et al. 2023

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Purpose To investigate whether nicotinamide (NAM) modulates retinal vasculature in glaucoma. Methods This was a prospective controlled clinical trial investigating animal and human histopathology. Participants included normotensive and ocular hypertensive rats, postmortem human ocular tissue, glaucoma patients ( n = 90), and healthy controls ( n = 30). The study utilized histopathology, computer-assisted retinal vasculature analysis, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and NAM treatment. The main outcome measures included retinal vascular parameters in rats as assessed by AngioTool; retinal vasculature integrity in rats and humans as assessed by histopathology, antibody-staining, and ImageJ-based measurements; and retinal perfusion density (PD) and flux index in humans as assessed by OCTA. Results A number of vessel parameters were altered in ocular hypertension/glaucoma compared to healthy controls. NAM treatment improved the retinal vasculature in ocular hypertensive rats, with an increase in mean vessel area, percentage area covered by vessels, total vessel length, total junctions, and junction density as assessed by AngioTool (all P < 0.05); vessel wall integrity as assessed by VE-cadherin antibody staining was also improved ( P < 0.01). In humans, as assessed by OCTA, increases in PD in the optic nerve head and macula complete image (0.7%, P = 0.04 and 1.0%, P = 0.002, respectively) in healthy controls, and an increase in the temporal quadrant of the macula (0.7%, P = 0.02) in glaucoma patients was seen after NAM treatment. Conclusions NAM can prevent retinal vascular damage in an animal model of glaucoma. After NAM treatment, glaucoma patients and healthy controls demonstrated a small increase in retinal vessel parameters as assessed by OCTA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Nicotinamide Prevents Retinal Vascular Dropout in a Rat Model of Ocular Hypertension and Supports Ocular Blood Supply in Glaucoma Patients

Gustavsson,

Enz,

Tribble

et al. 2023

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…Extracellular matrix remodeling and autophagy are also miRNA-regulated processes differentially expressed in glaucoma. These processes are involved in the degradation and renewal of the extracellular matrix and cellular components of the TM, affecting outflow resistance and IOP ( Gonzalez et al, 2014 ; Reinehr et al, 2022 ). Profiles expression of several miRNAs such as miR-518d, miR-143, and miR-660 negatively modulate pathways involved in cell proliferation, cell survival, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, and adherents junction function ( Jayaram et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Glaucomatous Optic Neurodegenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glaucoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to retinal glial cell response to damage

Fernández-Albarral,

Ramírez,

de Hoz

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease of the retina characterized by the irreversible loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) leading to visual loss. Degeneration of RGCs and loss of their axons, as well as damage and remodeling of the lamina cribrosa are the main events in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Different molecular pathways are involved in RGC death, which are triggered and exacerbated as a consequence of a number of risk factors such as elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), age, ocular biomechanics, or low ocular perfusion pressure. Increased IOP is one of the most important risk factors associated with this pathology and the only one for which treatment is currently available, nevertheless, on many cases the progression of the disease continues, despite IOP control. Thus, the IOP elevation is not the only trigger of glaucomatous damage, showing the evidence that other factors can induce RGCs death in this pathology, would be involved in the advance of glaucomatous neurodegeneration. The underlying mechanisms driving the neurodegenerative process in glaucoma include ischemia/hypoxia, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. In glaucoma, like as other neurodegenerative disorders, the immune system is involved and immunoregulation is conducted mainly by glial cells, microglia, astrocytes, and Müller cells. The increase in IOP produces the activation of glial cells in the retinal tissue. Chronic activation of glial cells in glaucoma may provoke a proinflammatory state at the retinal level inducing blood retinal barrier disruption and RGCs death. The modulation of the immune response in glaucoma as well as the activation of glial cells constitute an interesting new approach in the treatment of glaucoma.

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“…Other processes regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs in glaucoma include extracellular matrix remodeling and autophagy [90]. These involve the degradation and renewal of the extracellular matrix and cellular components of the TM, affecting outflow resistance and IOP [49].…”

Section: Insights Into Molecular Pathways and Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNA Studies in Glaucoma: A Comprehensive Review of Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Dobrzycka,

Sulewska,

Biecek

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disorder that leads to irreversible blindness, remains a challenge because of its complex nature. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression and are associated with glaucoma and other diseases. We aimed to review and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of miRNA-focused molecular studies in glaucoma through discussing their potential as biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis; offering insights into molecular pathways and mechanisms; and discussing their potential utility with respect to personalized medicine, their therapeutic potential, and non-invasive monitoring. Limitations, such as variability, small sample sizes, sample specificity, and limited accessibility to ocular tissues, are also addressed, underscoring the need for robust protocols and collaboration. Reproducibility and validation are crucial to establish the credibility of miRNA research findings, and the integration of bioinformatics tools for miRNA database creation is a valuable component of a comprehensive approach to investigate miRNA aberrations in patients with glaucoma. Overall, miRNA research in glaucoma has provided significant insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disease, offering potential biomarkers, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic targets. However, addressing challenges such as variability and limited tissue accessibility is essential, and further investigations and validation will contribute to a deeper understanding of the functional significance of miRNAs in glaucoma.

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Spezifische Biomarker im Kammerwasser von Glaukompatienten

Cited by 6 publications

References 46 publications

Nicotinamide Prevents Retinal Vascular Dropout in a Rat Model of Ocular Hypertension and Supports Ocular Blood Supply in Glaucoma Patients

Nicotinamide Prevents Retinal Vascular Dropout in a Rat Model of Ocular Hypertension and Supports Ocular Blood Supply in Glaucoma Patients

Glaucoma: from pathogenic mechanisms to retinal glial cell response to damage

miRNA Studies in Glaucoma: A Comprehensive Review of Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

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