Spheres of Relations, Lines of Interaction: Subtle Ecologies of the Rarámuri Landscape in Northern Mexico

Wyndham, F. S.

doi:10.2993/0278-0771-29.2.271

Cited by 58 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Its characteristics are consistent with the ones found in many other Andean traditional communities (e.g. Estermann 1998;Platt 1992;Rist and Dahdouh-Guebas 2006;Van den Berg 1990) and include 1) beliefs related to places and spiritual beings with an ideal of integral land occupation and use (see also , 2) a relational rather than instrumental perspective on the landscape, as observed in other indigenous social-ecological contexts, such as the Rarámuri landscape in Northern Mexico (Wyndham 2009), 3) a cyclical perception of time and space, which expresses the cultural bonds to cropfallow rotation and grazing cycle practices , and 4) a view that does not postulate a fundamental separation between nature and culture, as highlighted for many indigenous societies (Descola 2005).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Linking local knowledge, conservation practices and ecosystem diversity: comparing two communities in the Tunari National Park (Bolivia)

Boillat¹,

Mathez-Stiefel²,

Rist³

2013

Ethnobio Conserv

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Combined approaches to conserve both biological and cultural diversity are seen as an alternative to classical nature conservation instruments. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of urbanization coupled with exclusive conservation measures, on land use, local knowledge and biodiversity in two Quechua speaking communities of Bolivia located within the Tunari National Park. We assessed and compared the links between land use, its transformation through conservation practices, local institutions and the worldviews of both communities and the implications they have for biodiversity at the level of ecosystems. Our results show that in both communities, people's worldviews and environmental knowledge are linked with an integral and diversified use of their territory. However, the community most affected by urbanization and protected area regulations has intensified agriculture in a small area and has abandoned the use of large areas. This was accompanied by a loss of local environmental knowledge and a decrease in the diversity of ecosystems. The second community, where the park was not enforced, continues to manage their territory as a material expression of local environmental knowledge, while adopting community-based conservation measures with external support. Our findings highlight a case in which urbanization coupled with exclusive conservation approaches affects the components of both cultural and biological diversity. Actions that aim to enhance biocultural diversity in this context should therefore address the impact of factors identified as responsible for change in integrated social-ecological systems.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Linking local knowledge, conservation practices and ecosystem diversity: comparing two communities in the Tunari National Park (Bolivia)

Boillat¹,

Mathez-Stiefel²,

Rist³

2013

Ethnobio Conserv

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“…Combined with ecological surveys and experiments, these data can in turn provide estimates of energy input and output associated with traditional management practices. Finally, oral knowledge, including songs, stories, place names, and memories, provide insights into the more "subtle ecologies" associated with management (Wyndham 2009), as well as the deeper social values and meaning encompassed within the marine management systemmeanings which can often be invisible in the material record.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient Shellfish Mariculture on the Northwest Coast of North America

Lepofsky¹,

Smith²,

Cardinal

et al. 2015

Am. antiq.

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While there is increasing recognition among archaeologists of the extent to which non-agricultural societies have managed their terrestrial ecosystems, the traditional management of marine ecosystems has largely been ignored. In this paper, we bring together Indigenous ecological knowledge, coastal geomorphological observations, and archaeological data to document how Northwest Coast First Nations cultivated clams to maintain and increase productivity. We focus on “clam gardens,” walled intertidal terraces constructed to increase bivalve habitat and productivity. Our survey and excavations of clam gardens in four locations in British Columbia provide insights into the ecological and social context, morphology, construction, and first reported ages of these features. These data demonstrate the extent of traditional maricultural systems among coastal First Nations and, coupled with previously collected information on terrestrial management, challenge us to broaden our definition of “forager” as applied to Northwest Coast peoples. This study also highlights the value of combining diverse kinds of knowledge, including archaeological data, to understand the social and ecological contexts of traditional management systems.

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“…A fuller context of cats-as-pets and the evolutionary biology of cats-as-predators, while implicit in the biocentric perspectives of conservation biologists, is not easy to communicate to nonbiologists. Contemporary scholars of environmental ethics and biocultural conservation recognize that values related to knowledge underlie individual decisions, such as whether or not to allow pet cats outdoors, whether or not to support TNR programs, or whether or not to support local conservation efforts (Colding & Folke, 2001;Lertzman, 2009;Rozzi, 1999;Rozzi et al, 2006;Vandebroek et al, 2011;Wyndham, 2009).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "TNR and conservation on a university campus: a political ecological perspective (v0.1)"

Slater¹

2014

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How to manage the impact of free-ranging cats on native wildlife is a polarizing issue. Conservation biologists largely support domestic cat euthanasia to mitigate impacts of freeranging cat predation on small animal populations. Above all else, animal welfare activists support the humane treatment of free-ranging cats, objecting to euthanasia. Clearly, this issue of how to control free-ranging cat predation on small animals is value laden, and both positions must be considered and comprehended to promote effective conservation. Here, two gaps in the free-ranging cat-small-animal conservation literature are addressed. First, the importance of understanding the processes of domestication and evolution and how each relates to felid behavioral ecology is discussed. The leading hypothesis to explain domestication of wildcats (Felis silvestris) relates to their behavioral ecology as a solitary predator, which made them suited for pest control in early agricultural villages of the Old World. The relationship humans once had with cats, however, has changed because today domesticated cats are usually household pets. As a result, concerns of conservation biologists may relate to cats as predators, but cat welfare proponents come from the position of assuming responsibility for free-ranging household pets (and their feral offspring). Thus, the perceptions of pet owners and other members of the general public provide an important context that frames the relationship between free-ranging cats and small animal conservation. The second part of this paper assesses the effects of an information-based conservation approach on shifting student's perception of a local Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) program in introductory core science classes at the University of North Texas (UNT). UNT students are (knowingly or unknowingly) regularly in close proximity to a TNR program on campus that supports cat houses and feeding stations. A survey design implementing a tailored-information approach was used to communicate what TNR programs are, their goals, and the "conservationist" view of TNR programs. We gauged favorability of student responses to the goals of TNR programs prior to and after exposure to tailored information on

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Spheres of Relations, Lines of Interaction: Subtle Ecologies of the Rarámuri Landscape in Northern Mexico

Cited by 58 publications

References 16 publications

Linking local knowledge, conservation practices and ecosystem diversity: comparing two communities in the Tunari National Park (Bolivia)

Linking local knowledge, conservation practices and ecosystem diversity: comparing two communities in the Tunari National Park (Bolivia)

Ancient Shellfish Mariculture on the Northwest Coast of North America

Peer Review #1 of "TNR and conservation on a university campus: a political ecological perspective (v0.1)"

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