Spherical Hybrid Nanoparticles for Homann Stagnation-Point Flow in Porous Media via Homotopy Analysis Method

Abstract

Non-axisymmetric stagnant-point flows for flat plates in porous media containing spherical Cu-Al2O3-H2O nanoparticles are studied using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The governing equations are transformed into three coupled non-linear ordinary differential equations through similarity transformations. A large degree of freedom is provided by HAM when selecting auxiliary linear operators. By transforming nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients into linear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients, nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations can be solved. Over the entire domain, these equations can be solved approximately analytically. The analysis involves a discussion of the impact of many physical parameters generated in the proposed model. The results have shown that skin friction coefficients of Cfx and Cfy increase with volume fraction of hybrid nanofluid and the coefficient of permeability increasing. For the axisymmetric case of γ = 0, when volume fraction, φ, φ1, φ2 = 0, 5%, 10%, 20%, Cfx = Cfy = 1.33634, 1.51918, 1.73905, 2.33449, it can be found that the wall shear stress values increase by 13.68%, 30.14%, and 74.69%, respectively. In response to an increase in hybrid nanofluid volume fractions, local Nusselt numbers Nux increase. Nux decrease and change clearly with the coefficient of permeability increasing in the range of γ < 0; the values of Nux are less affected in the range of γ > 0.

Series Solutions of Three-Dimensional Magnetohydrodynamic Hybrid Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer

“…Nanoparticles serve as a valuable link connecting granular substances and atomic/molecular formations. The involvement of heat exchange is significant in the realms of physics and engineering, ultimately enhancing fluids’ heat exchange properties and bolstering the efficacy of numerous manufacturing procedures [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The investigation of the thermal transfer of MHD nanofluids is significant in the fields of physics and engineering.…”

Approximate Analytical Solutions for Strongly Coupled Systems of Singularly Perturbed Convection–Diffusion Problems

“…Among different methods that have been developed to obtain analytical approximations for the solutions to differential equations, we can use the homotopy analysis method [37][38][39][40], homotopy perturbation method [41,42], differential transform method [43][44][45][46][47][48] and residual power series method (RPSM) [49][50][51][52][53][54][55], among others.…”