“…However, this exclusion does not necessarily rule out the possibility that certain types of desminopathies may harbor desmin gene defects, because myopathies associated with desmin abnormalities are highly heterogeneous. They include cardiomyopathies, congenital myopathies with either childhood or adult onset of disease, cardiomyopathy associated with myopathy, and a multisystemic disorder involving skeletal muscle, heart, peripheral nerves, and intestinal muscularis propria (16,(35)(36)(37)(38). In addition, morphological abnormalities in desmin-related myopathies are diverse, as is their mode of inheritance.…”