Sphyranura euryceae (Monogenoidea: Polystomatoinea: Sphyranuridae) from the Grotto Salamander, Eurycea spelaea and Oklahoma Salamander, Eurycea tynerensis (Caudata: Plethodontidae), in Northeastern Oklahoma, U.S.A.

McAllister, Chris T.; Bursey, Charles R.; Steffen, Michael; Martin, Samuel E.; Trujano-Alvarez, Ana Lilia; Bonett, Ronald M.

doi:10.1654/4477.1

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…McAllister [ 36 ] reported infection in ten out of ten specimens of E. lucifuga , and ten out of ten specimens of E. tynerensis (prevalence = 100%). McAllister [ 37 ] reported infection in 37 of 74 specimens of E. tynerensis and one of two specimens of E. spelaea (prevalence = 50%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…McAllister [37] reported infection in 37 of 74 specimens Representative DNA sequences: GenBank accession numbers OP879228-OP879229 (18S rDNA), OP879230-OP879233 (28S rDNA), OP879225-OP879226 (12S rDNA), OP920606-OP920607 (mitochondrial genome).…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adults of this species exhibit alternative life histories with paedomorphic populations associated with chert streambeds where they can access subsurface water year-round and metamorphic populations associated with compact streambeds where such access is not guaranteed [ 10 , 19 ]. More recently, S. euryceae has been observed in the Cave salamander ( Eurycea lucifuga Rafinesque) [ 36 ] and Western Grotto salamander ( Eurycea spelaea Stejneger) [ 37 ]. In general, there is a scarcity of records of representatives of Sphyranura and relatively little knowledge about the genus besides morphology and principal host distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amended diagnosis, mitochondrial genome, and phylogenetic position of Sphyranura euryceae (Neodermata, Monogenea, Polystomatidae), a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander

et al. 2023

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Polystomatidae is a monogenean family whose representatives infect mainly (semi)-aquatic tetrapods. Species of Sphyranura Wright, 1879 exhibit ectoparasitism on salamander hosts, with molecular work supporting their inclusion within Polystomatidae, at an early diverging, yet unresolved, position in the clade of otherwise endoparasitic polystomatid parasites of batrachian hosts. Records of representatives of Sphyranura are scarce with genetic data only available for S. oligorchis Alvey, 1933. Based on detailed morphological examination and comparison with type material, we identified worms belonging to Sphyranura infecting Oklahoma salamander (Eurycea tynerensis) as S. euryceae Hughes & Moore, 1943. Along with an amended diagnosis of Sphyranura, we provide the first molecular data for S. euryceae in the form of a mitochondrial genome and nuclear (18S, 28S rRNA) markers. Close morphological similarity between the two species of Sphyranura is reflected in low genetic divergence. Mitochondrial level comparison reveals instances of tRNA gene rearrangements in polystomatids. Although the phylogenetic reconstruction supports Sphyranura as early branching in the lineage of polystomatid monogeneans infecting batrachians, certain nodes remain unresolved.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amended diagnosis, mitochondrial genome, and phylogenetic position of Sphyranura euryceae (Neodermata, Monogenea, Polystomatidae), a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander

et al. 2023

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“…McAllister [6] reported infection in ten out of ten specimens of E. lucifuga , and ten out of ten specimens of E. tynerensis (prevalence = 100%). McAllister [17] reported infection in thirty-seven of seventy-four specimens of E. tynerensis and one of two specimens of E. spelaea (prevalence = 100%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been argued, however, that S. polyorchis cannot be justified as a separate species from S. osleri on the basis of minor morphological differences [14]. While S. osleri, S. oligorchis and S. polyorchis parasitise the Common mudpuppy ( Necturus maculosus Rafinesque, 1818) with records of S. oligorchis also parasitising the Red River mudpuppy ( Necturus louisianensis Viosca, 1938) [15], S. euryceae is a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander ( Eurycea tynerensis Moore & Hughes, 1939) [6,16] but has more recently been observed to also parasitise the Cave salamander ( Eurycea lucifuga Rafinesque, 1822) [6] and Grotto salamander ( Eurycea spelaea Stejneger, 1892) [17]. In general, there is a scarcity of records of representatives of Sphyranura and relatively little knowledge about the genus besides morphology and principal host distribution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ectoparasitism in Polystomatidae (Neodermata, Monogenea): phylogenetic position and mitogenome of Sphyranura euryceae, a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander

Leeming

Hahn

Koblmüller

et al. 2022

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Background: Polystomatidae represents a monogenean group whose representatives infect mainly (semi)-aquatic tetrapods. Sphyranuridae with its single genus (Sphyranura) exhibits ectoparasitism on salamander hosts and was traditionally considered a sister-group to Polystomatidae based on the presence of a well-developed opisthaptor yet was distinguished due to the presence of a single pair of haptoral suckers, as opposed to the three pairs present in polystomatids. However, more recent molecular work supported its inclusion within Polystomatidae, at an early diverging, yet unresolved, position in the clade of polystomatids that otherwise exhibit endoparasitism of batrachians. Resolving the position of Sphyranura in relation to Polystomatidae is a prerequisite for understanding the factors driving evolution and the shifts between ecto- and endoparasitism in Polystomatidae. Methods: Various staining methods were used to morphologically characterise collected specimens of Sphyranura. The mitochondrial genome was assembled from WGS data. Based on a combination of nuclear (18S, 28S rRNA) and mitochondrial markers (cox1, 12S) we inferred the phylogeny of Polystomatidae using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods. Results: Based on morphological examination and comparison with type material, specimens of Sphyranura infecting Oklahoma salamander (Eurycea tynerensis) at Greathouse Spring, Arkansas (USA), were identified as S. euryceae, a new distributional record for the species. Along with an amended diagnosis of Sphyranura we provide the first molecular data for S. euryceae. Mitochondrial level comparison reveals instances of tRNA gene rearrangements in polystomatids. Our phylogeny identifies two clades within polystomatids infecting tetrapods, one infecting exclusively batrachians, the other mainly known from chelonians. Although not fully supported, Sphyranura appears as the earliest branching lineage within the former. Conclusions: With Sphyranura nested within Polystomatidae, we consider Sphyranuridae invalid. Sphyranura's apparent early branching position indicates ectoparasitism is an ancestral trait with endoparasitism having evolved later in the "Polbatrach" clade. However, the reduced number of haptoral suckers in representatives of Sphyranura is a derived characteristic potentially resulting from paedomorphic evolution. Whilst there is an indication towards phylogenetic congruence of polystomatids and their batrachian hosts, the same was not true for polystomatid parasites of chelonians with evidence of multiple host switches. Furthermore, geographic distribution of hosts was not found to drive polystomatid phylogeny.

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Sphyranura euryceae (Monogenoidea: Polystomatoinea: Sphyranuridae) from the Grotto Salamander, Eurycea spelaea and Oklahoma Salamander, Eurycea tynerensis (Caudata: Plethodontidae), in Northeastern Oklahoma, U.S.A.

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

Amended diagnosis, mitochondrial genome, and phylogenetic position of Sphyranura euryceae (Neodermata, Monogenea, Polystomatidae), a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander

Amended diagnosis, mitochondrial genome, and phylogenetic position of Sphyranura euryceae (Neodermata, Monogenea, Polystomatidae), a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander

Ectoparasitism in Polystomatidae (Neodermata, Monogenea): phylogenetic position and mitogenome of Sphyranura euryceae, a parasite of the Oklahoma salamander

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