Spiders (Aranei) of the Belyaka Spit, Chukotka: peculiarities of the fauna and biotopic distribution

Abstract

РЕЗЮМЕ. На косе Беляка, расположенной в Колючинской губе на северном побережье Чукотского п-ова, почвенными ловушками собрано 18 видов пауков четырёх семейств: Linyphiidae (15 видов), Lycosidae (1), Tetragnathidae (1), Thomisidae (1); 12 видов указываются для косы впервые. Видовой состав типичен для северной части тундровой зоны, основу фауны составляют арктические виды. По набору доминантов выделено два типа группировок пауков: в приморских местообитаниях с галофитной растительностью доминируют Erigone arctica sibirica Kulczyński, 1908, Halorates holmgreni (Thorell, 1871) и H. spetsbergensis (Thorell, 1872); на участках косы с тундровой и болотной растительностью, расположенных вне зоны затопления, наиболее массовым видом является Pardosa algens (Kulczyński, 1908). Сырые местообитания косы отличает наиболее высокое видовое богатство пауков (15 видов, 83% всей фауны); здесь весьма полно представлены арктические пауки-пигмеи, входящие в число наиболее обычных обитателей подобных стаций в северной части азиатских тундр.

New data on spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of the Central Yamal Peninsula, with notes on biotopic preferences of the dominant species

“…This observation is consistent not only with my data on the spiders of Central Yamal, but also the data on the spider populations on the spit in Kolyuchin Bay (Chukotka), where most of the species are confined to wet areas [Khruleva et al, 2018]. In other parts of the distribution range in the Eurasian sector of the Arctic, the same species prefer similar habitats [Khruleva et al, 2018]. For example, G. tchernovi and Masikia caliginosa inhabited mainly coastal waterlogged habitats in the surveyed areas of the northern Palearctic [Tanasevitch, Nekhaeva, 2016;Tanasevitch, Khruleva, 2017;Nekhaeva, 2018;Nekhaeva et al, 2019].…”

“…At the same time, K. Eskov [1981] emphasizes that, despite a wide biotopic plasticity for most species, a preference for a certain type of biotopes where spiders reach the greatest abundance could be noted. This observation is consistent not only with my data on the spiders of Central Yamal, but also the data on the spider populations on the spit in Kolyuchin Bay (Chukotka), where most of the species are confined to wet areas [Khruleva et al, 2018]. In other parts of the distribution range in the Eurasian sector of the Arctic, the same species prefer similar habitats [Khruleva et al, 2018].…”

“…The ability of spiders to inhabit a wide range of habitats was also noted for the spiders of Europe [Duffey, 2005], Siberia [Eskov, 1981;1986a, b], and when comparing the topical distribution of spiders in various Arctic regions of Eurasia [Khruleva et al, 2018]. At the same time, K. Eskov [1981] emphasizes that, despite a wide biotopic plasticity for most species, a preference for a certain type of biotopes where spiders reach the greatest abundance could be noted.…”

“…To date, most of the available data on the spiders of the Siberian Arctic has been obtained from isolated studies conducted at the local level in different sectors of the Arctic. The predominant collection methods were pitfall traps and sifter, as well as manual collection from soil samples or moss and litter samples [Eskov, 1986b[Eskov, , 1988Eskov, Marusik, 1994;Khruleva, 2009;Tanasevitch, Rybalov, 2015;Marusik, Koponen, 2015;Marusik et al, 2016;Tanasevitch, Nekhaeva, 2016;Tanasevitch, Khrisanova, 2016;Tanasevitch, Khruleva, 2017;Khruleva et al, 2018;Nekhaeva, 2018Nekhaeva, , 2020Tanasevitch et al, 2020;etc.]. Between the aforementioned methods, pitfall traps and sifter are easier to use and are suitable for the most commonly occurring groups (surface and litter dwelling species).…”