Spiking rate of myenteric neurons recorded from multi‐electrode arrays depending on local microenvironment

Medert, Rebekka; Schuster, Anne; Schwarz, Lukas; Schwab, Tanja; Schaefer, Karl-Herbert

doi:10.1002/pssc.201200808

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Toll-like receptor 4 receptors are expressed in the myenteric plexus [ 20 ], on NSPCs as shown in the present study, but also on enteric neurons and glial cells [ 40 ]. Recently, we could report that LPS does increase the neuronal activity of myenteric neurons [ 21 ]. An enduring exposition of enteric neurons to LPS might induce a long-lasting hyperexcitation, which might contribute to the described fatal effects in the ENS [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This bacteria-sensing receptor can be recruited by LPS in the activation of smooth muscle and myenteric plexus cells in the GIT [ 20 ]. Lipopolysaccharide increases the calcium influx as well as the neuronal activity of myenteric neurons [ 21 ]. Whether LPS has an influence upon NSPCs of the ENS with regard to expansion, neurogenesis and ‘stemcellness’ is investigated in the actual study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maintenance of the enteric stem cell niche by bacterial lipopolysaccharides? Evidence and perspectives

Schuster

Klotz

Schwab

et al. 2014

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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The enteric nervous system (ENS) has to respond to continuously changing microenvironmental challenges within the gut and is therefore dependent on a neural stem cell niche to keep the ENS functional throughout life. In this study, we hypothesize that this stem cell niche is also affected during inflammation and therefore investigated lipopolysaccharides (LPS) effects on enteric neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs). NSPCs were derived from the ENS and cultured under the influence of different LPS concentrations. LPS effects upon proliferation and differentiation of enteric NSPC cultures were assessed using immunochemistry, flow cytometry, western blot, Multiplex ELISA and real-time PCR. LPS enhances the proliferation of enteric NSPCs in a dose-dependent manner. It delays and modifies the differentiation of these cells. The expression of the LPS receptor toll-like receptor 4 on NSPCs could be demonstrated. Moreover, LPS induces the secretion of several cytokines. Flow cytometry data gives evidence for individual subgroups within the NSPC population. ENS-derived NSPCs respond to LPS in maintaining at least partially their stem cell character. In the case of inflammatory disease or trauma where the liberation and exposure to LPS will be increased, the expansion of NSPCs could be a first step towards regeneration of the ENS. The reduced and altered differentiation, as well as the induction of cytokine signalling, demonstrates that the stem cell niche may take part in the LPS-transmitted inflammatory processes in a direct and defined way.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maintenance of the enteric stem cell niche by bacterial lipopolysaccharides? Evidence and perspectives

Schuster

Klotz

Schwab

et al. 2014

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…The endotoxin LPS is an essential membrane component of luminal microflora bacteria that interacts specifically with enteric responsive cells through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) [ 55 - 57 ] to regulate intestinal homeostasis. In neuronal compartments, low-dose LPS can contribute to maintain neuronal survival [ 58 ] and differentiation through the activation of NF-кB, while higher doses result in excessive stimulation of proinflammatory cytokines [ 59 ] that leads to neuronal toxicity [ 60 ]. The involved intracellular signaling cascade includes the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the migration of NF-κB into the nucleus [ 61 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory activity of Wnt signaling in enteric nervous system: in vitro preliminary evidences in rat primary cultures

Liddo

Bertalot

Schuster

et al. 2015

J Neuroinflammation

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BackgroundIn the last years, Wnt signaling was demonstrated to regulate inflammatory processes. In particular, an increased expression of Wnts and Frizzled receptors was reported in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ulcerative colitis to exert both anti- and pro-inflammatory functions regulating the intestinal activated nuclear factor κB (NF-кB), TNFa release, and IL10 expression.MethodsTo investigate the role of Wnt pathway in the response of the enteric nervous system (ENS) to inflammation, neurons and glial cells from rat myenteric plexus were treated with exogenous Wnt3a and/or LPS with or without supporting neurotrophic factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epithelial growth factor (EGF), and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF). The immunophenotypical characterization by flow cytometry and the protein and gene expression analysis by qPCR and Western blotting were carried out.ResultsFlow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining evidenced that enteric neurons coexpressed Frizzled 9 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) while glial cells were immunoreactive to TLR4 and Wnt3a suggesting that canonical Wnt signaling is active in ENS.Under in vitro LPS treatment, Western blot analysis demonstrated an active cross talk between canonical Wnt signaling and NF-кB pathway that is essential to negatively control enteric neuronal response to inflammatory stimuli. Upon costimulation with LPS and Wnt3a, a significant anti-inflammatory activity was detected by RT-PCR based on an increased IL10 expression and a downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFa, IL1B, and interleukin 6 (IL6). When the availability of neurotrophic factors in ENS cultures was abolished, a changed cell reactivity by Wnt signaling was observed at basal conditions and after LPS treatment.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggested the existence of neuronal surveillance through FZD9 and Wnt3a in enteric myenteric plexus. Moreover, experimental evidences were provided to clarify the correlation among soluble trophic factors, Wnt signaling, and anti-inflammatory protection of ENS.

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“…[3] In fact, appropriate nanostructured biological interfaces have shown to increase the neuronal activity on MEAs, which could be based on higher expression rates of ion-channels that are involved in the electrical activity of the neurons. [4][5][6][7] From a biological point of view, neurons could prefer a rougher surface, as it mimics the nanostructured environment contributed by components such as extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, bundled myelinated fibers, etc. present on its natural adhesion surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Biomimetic Nanostructured Microelectrode Arrays for Enhanced Extracellular Recordings of Enteric Neurons

Nowduri

Schulte

Jolfaei

et al. 2023

Adv Materials Inter

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Microelectrode surfaces covered with nanostructures derived from components of extracellular matrix, such as collagen fibers, have shown immense beneficial effects in promoting neuronal growth and cellular signaling. Synthetic nanostructures mimicking the features of biological nanostructures with durable conductive materials could promote the cell adhesion on microelectrode surfaces by providing topographical cues and simultaneously improve the charge transfer properties by reducing its global impedance. Therefore, an advanced nanostructuring method mimicking the structural and organizational features of natural collagen fibers onto metallic microelectrode surfaces has been presented here, which is adapted from previous technological achievements of the group and is based on nanoimprint lithography and gold electroplating. Surface characterization methods reveal an increase in surface area between 20% and 68% on the microelectrodes fabricated with two different nanostructure heights. Impedance spectroscopy measurements reveal reduction in impedance magnitude (at 1 kHz) between 22% and 41%, depending upon the nanostructure height and density on the microelectrode, which should subsequently modulate its charge transfer properties for biosensing application. Cell adhesion analysis performed with seal impedance measurements reveals a tighter coupling of enteric neurons on the nanostructured microelectrodes. Finally, extracellular recordings from enteric neurons exhibit a significant improvement in spike detection properties of the nanostructured microelectrodes.

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Spiking rate of myenteric neurons recorded from multi‐electrode arrays depending on local microenvironment

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Maintenance of the enteric stem cell niche by bacterial lipopolysaccharides? Evidence and perspectives

Maintenance of the enteric stem cell niche by bacterial lipopolysaccharides? Evidence and perspectives

Anti-inflammatory activity of Wnt signaling in enteric nervous system: in vitro preliminary evidences in rat primary cultures

Advanced Biomimetic Nanostructured Microelectrode Arrays for Enhanced Extracellular Recordings of Enteric Neurons

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