2017
DOI: 10.1007/s10699-017-9530-2
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Spin and Wind Directions II: A Bell State Quantum Model

Abstract: In the first half of this two-part article (Aerts et al. in Found Sci. doi:10.1007/s10699-017-9528-9, 2017b), we analyzed a cognitive psychology experiment where participants were asked to select pairs of directions that they considered to be the best example of Two Different Wind Directions, and showed that the data violate the CHSH version of Bell’s inequality, with same magnitude as in typical Bell-test experiments in physics. In this second part, we complete our analysis by presenting a symmetrized version… Show more

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Cited by 19 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…The conjunction fallacy, in the form identified by Tversky and Kahneman, was studied in quantum cognition by the group of Jerome Busemeyer at Indiana University [15,16] and also as one of many other related phenomena of a non-classical nature that can occur in human decision-making processes, by the group of Emanuel Pothos at the City University of London, at the International Centre of Mathematical Modeling of Linnaeus University in Sweden (Andrei Khrennikov), and in the School of Business of Leicester University (Emanuel Haven) [16,17,18,19,20,21]. The research into the way in which quantum models can describe concepts and their combinations, including the conjunction of concepts, was largely undertaken by the group at the Center Leo Apostel of VUB, in collaboration with the Universities of British Columbia, Leicester and Gdansk [12,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]. In particular, the research that led to the identification of the conjunction effect in texts of the World-Wide Web [31] has been important to find a way to identify and investigate the conjunction effect in visual perception, as I'm going to describe in the following section, and has also led to a quantum model for the World-Wide Web itself, which we called the QWeb [34].…”
Section: Classical and Quantummentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The conjunction fallacy, in the form identified by Tversky and Kahneman, was studied in quantum cognition by the group of Jerome Busemeyer at Indiana University [15,16] and also as one of many other related phenomena of a non-classical nature that can occur in human decision-making processes, by the group of Emanuel Pothos at the City University of London, at the International Centre of Mathematical Modeling of Linnaeus University in Sweden (Andrei Khrennikov), and in the School of Business of Leicester University (Emanuel Haven) [16,17,18,19,20,21]. The research into the way in which quantum models can describe concepts and their combinations, including the conjunction of concepts, was largely undertaken by the group at the Center Leo Apostel of VUB, in collaboration with the Universities of British Columbia, Leicester and Gdansk [12,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34]. In particular, the research that led to the identification of the conjunction effect in texts of the World-Wide Web [31] has been important to find a way to identify and investigate the conjunction effect in visual perception, as I'm going to describe in the following section, and has also led to a quantum model for the World-Wide Web itself, which we called the QWeb [34].…”
Section: Classical and Quantummentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A quite suggestive cognitive psychology experiment was for instance recently performed, where participants were asked to select pairs of wind directions they considered to be good representatives of Two different wind directions, with the data showing a violation of the CHSH inequality of magnitude close to that of experiments with entangled spins [29]. A symmetrized version of the experiment was also considered, which received a complete quantum modeling in Hilbert space, using a singlet state to describe the meaning-connection and product measurements to describe the interrogative context where couples of actual wind directions were selected [30].…”
Section: Entanglementmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, this doesn't mean that the CHSH inequality cannot be violated also by classical macroscopic systems. For this, it is sufficient that the two components remain connected in some way, so that the left and right measurements can influence each other's states and therefore outcomes [1,4,5,6,24]. This is what can be expected to happen also with entangled quantum entities, although their connection remains in this case hidden, i.e., appears to be a 'non-spatial connection', hence the strangeness of the quantum entanglement phenomenon, famously referred to by Einstein as "spooky action at a distance.…”
Section: Entanglement In a Typical Chsh (Two-channel) Experimentsmentioning
confidence: 99%