“…In general, the findings from these studies showed that Islamic bank spin-offs impacted banking performance in Indonesia, both in new Islamic banks from spin-off policy (Kuncoro & Yulianto, 2018;Nasuha, 2012) and in abandoned conventional banks themselves (Poerwokoesoemo, 2016). Specifically for Islamic banks, the impacts included an increase in third-party funds or deposits (Al Arif, 2014Arif, , 2018bNasuha, 2012), increasing profitability (Hamid, 2015;Ramdani, 2015), and increasing market structure and power (Al Arif, 2018b;Rayyani et al, 2022), but decrease in efficiency (Al Arif, 2015a;Hadziq et al, 2022;Nabilah & Al Arif, 2022;Rusydiana et al, 2019). As for financing, some studies found that spin-offs impacted the financing provided (Nasuha, 2012).…”