2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2020.100761
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Spin-orbit torques: Materials, mechanisms, performances, and potential applications

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Cited by 188 publications
(96 citation statements)
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“… 9 Recently, the nonmagnetic layers made of heavy metallic (HM) elements (W, Ta, Pt, and their alloys 10 12 ) are extensively studied because of their large spin–orbit coupling (SOC). 13 Such layers combined with ferromagnetic ones (typically Co, CoFeB) are expected to have new spin transport properties related to the SOC, e.g., spin Hall effect (SHE) and Rashba–Edelstein effect (REE). 14 , 15 Although the SHE occurs in a single HM layer, 16 it is detectable in heterostructures with ferromagnets only, such as F/HM bi- 17 and F/HM/F trilayers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… 9 Recently, the nonmagnetic layers made of heavy metallic (HM) elements (W, Ta, Pt, and their alloys 10 12 ) are extensively studied because of their large spin–orbit coupling (SOC). 13 Such layers combined with ferromagnetic ones (typically Co, CoFeB) are expected to have new spin transport properties related to the SOC, e.g., spin Hall effect (SHE) and Rashba–Edelstein effect (REE). 14 , 15 Although the SHE occurs in a single HM layer, 16 it is detectable in heterostructures with ferromagnets only, such as F/HM bi- 17 and F/HM/F trilayers.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Compared to conventional spin-transfer torque, spin-orbit torque is considered as an effective way to drive domain-wall motion and to switch magnetization with lower power consumption 16,17 . So far, SOT-induced magnetization switching has been widely investigated [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] and extensive works have been done to eliminate the assistive magnetic field during SOT-induced magnetization switching with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, including the design of interlayer exchange coupling 18 , spin-orbit effects with spin-rotation symmetry 20,21 , lateral structural asymmetry 22,23 , in-plane exchange bias 24,25 , and heavy metals with opposite spin Hall angle 26 . Several studies involving magnetization switching of SAF induced by SOT have been reported [27][28][29][30] ; however, a relatively large in-plane magnetic field is needed to break the symmetry.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore, there are increasing number of recent reports on the improved manipulations of local magnetic ordering state of AFM material employing the applications of electric current, [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ] mechanical strain, [ 30 , 31 ] optical light with helicity, [ 32 ] and electric field. [ 33 , 34 ] Recent demonstration of AFM Néel vector switching by current‐induced spin‐orbit torque (SOT) in various AFM systems [ 35 ] has received increased attentions, and been found to be particularly interesting as well as useful. It was reported that the electrical manipulating Néel order of AFM by SOT could be realized through two possible mechanisms attributed to field‐like torque in AFM CuMnAs [ 24 ] and Mn 2 Au, [ 36 ] and damping‐like torque exerted by the polarized spin sources from heavy metal (HM) Pt layer due to a spin Hall effect (SHE) in Pt/AFM bilayers system such as Pt/CoO, [ 37 ] Pt/NiO, [ 38 , 39 ] Pt/ α ‐Fe 2 O 3 , [ 40 ] Pt/Mn 2 Au, [ 41 ] and Pt/Mn 3 Sn.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%