Spin polarized 3He: From basic research to medical applications

Karpuk, S.; Allmendinger, F.; Burghoff, M.; Gemmel, Claudia; Güldner, M.; Heil, W.; Kilian, Wolfgang; Knappe-Grüneberg, S.; Mrozik, Ch.; Müller, Wolfgang; Otten, E.‐W.; Repetto, M.; Salhi, Zahir; Schmidt, Ulrich; Schnabel, A.; Seifert, F.; Sobolev, Yu.; Trahms, Lutz; Tullney, K.

doi:10.1134/s1063779613060105

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The inner shielding of the double shielded cable is directly connected to the aluminum housing of the pA-meter, whereas the innermost wire connects the input of the pA-meter with the electrode of the cell. E. Hyperpolarization of 3 He and 129 Xe, and gas preparation 3 He is hyperpolarized by Metastability Exchange Optical Pumping (MEOP) at the Institute of Physics, University of Mainz using the existing 3 He polarizing facility [31] where nuclear polarization degrees above 70% can be reached [32]. The hyperpolarized 3 He gas at a pressure of 1.5 bar is then transferred to the experiment location in low-relaxation glass vessels inside magnetized transport boxes for housing polarized spins in homogeneous fields [33,34].…”

Section: Electric Field Generation and Leakage Current Monitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment of the Xe129 atom

et al. 2019

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We report on a new measurement of the CP-violating permanent Electric Dipole Moment (EDM) of the neutral 129 Xe atom. Our experimental approach is based on the detection of the free precession of co-located nuclear spin-polarized 3 He and 129 Xe samples. The EDM measurement sensitivity benefits strongly from long spin coherence times of several hours achieved in diluted gases and homogeneous weak magnetic fields of about 400 nT. A finite EDM is indicated by a change in the precession frequency, as an electric field is periodically reversed with respect to the magnetic guiding field. Our result, (−4.7 ± 6.4) · 10 −28 ecm, is consistent with zero and is used to place a new upper limit on the 129 Xe EDM: |dXe| < 1.5 · 10 −27 ecm (95% C.L.). We also discuss the implications of this result for various CP-violating observables as they relate to theories of physics beyond the standard model.

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Section: Electric Field Generation and Leakage Current Monitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment of the Xe129 atom

et al. 2019

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“…( 12) is proportional to the integrated product signal, so that for maximal nuclear polarization, with p = 1, the product integrated intensity is increased by 50% compared to p = 0; also, in this case p zz = 1, and hence D(θ, φ) ∼ 1 − P 2 (cosθ) ∼ sin 2 θ. For the D-3 He reaction performed with p z ( 3 He) = 0.76 [34,35], p z (D, t = 1.5 ns) = 0.12 (reported here), and p zz (D) = 0, we predict a 14% variation in the angular distribution (between θ = 0 • and 90 • ) and a 4.5% increase in the integrated intensity, whereas if bond alignment is used prior to dissociation [36], p z (D, t = 1.5 ns) = 0.5 can be produced [8], leading to a 70% variation in the product angular distribution and a 19% increase in integrated intensity. In contrast, the effect of polarization in the D-D reaction is poorly understood, with predictions ranging from suppression to enhancement [3].…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrahigh-Density Spin-Polarized H and D Observed via Magnetization Quantum Beats

et al. 2018

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We measure nuclear and electron spin-polarized H and D densities of at least 10^{19} cm^{-3} with ∼10 ns lifetimes, from the photodissociation of HBr and DI with circularly polarized UV light pulses. This density is ∼6 orders of magnitude higher than that produced by conventional continuous-production methods and, surprisingly, at least 100 times higher than expected densities for this photodissociation method. We observe the hyperfine quantum beating of the H and D magnetization with a pickup coil, i.e., the respective 0.7 and 3 ns periodic transfer of polarization from the electrons to the nuclei and back. The 10^{19} cm^{-3} spin-polarized H and D density is sufficient for laser-driven ion acceleration of spin-polarized electrons, protons, or deuterons, the preparation of nuclear-spin-polarized molecules, and the demonstration of spin-polarized D-T or D-^{3}He laser fusion, for which a reactivity enhancement of ∼50% is expected.

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“…[56],[57] ). And although the portions of this Mini-Review that are dedicated to HP noble gases are largely concerned with biomedical applications of 129 Xe, the first MR applications actually involved studies of materials (as well as investigations of the use of HP 129 Xe as a source of hyperpolarization for other spins).…”

Section: Fundamentals Of Noble Gas Hyperpolarizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

NMR Hyperpolarization Techniques of Gases

Barskiy

Coffey

Nikolaou

et al. 2016

Chemistry A European J

157

117

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Nuclear spin polarization can be significantly increased through the process of hyperpolarization, leading to an increase in the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments by 4–8 orders of magnitude. Hyperpolarized gases, unlike liquids and solids, can be more readily separated and purified from the compounds used to mediate the hyperpolarization processes. These pure hyperpolarized gases enabled many novel MRI applications including the visualization of void spaces, imaging of lung function, and remote detection. Additionally, hyperpolarized gases can be dissolved in liquids and can be used as sensitive molecular probes and reporters. This mini-review covers the fundamentals of the preparation of hyperpolarized gases and focuses on selected applications of interest to biomedicine and materials science.

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Spin polarized 3He: From basic research to medical applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

Measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment of the Xe129 atom

Measurement of the permanent electric dipole moment of the Xe129 atom

Ultrahigh-Density Spin-Polarized H and D Observed via Magnetization Quantum Beats

NMR Hyperpolarization Techniques of Gases

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