Spin Self-Rephasing and Very Long Coherence Times in a Trapped Atomic Ensemble

Deutsch, C.; Ramírez-Martínez, F.; Lacroûte, Clément; Reinhard, Friedemann; Schneider, T.; Fuchs, Jean-Noël; Piéchon, Frédéric; Laloë, Franck; Reichel, Jakob; Rosenbusch, P.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.105.020401

Cited by 176 publications

(254 citation statements)

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“…Atoms in those two levels have a similar magnetic moment at that field, and it is possible to overlap them in a magnetic trap [25]. Coherence times up to 58 s have been achieved in this transition thanks to the spin selfrephasing mechanism [26]. Fermionic alkali atoms do not have a clock transition, but they still have a magnetically insensitive single photon transition at low magnetic field between |F 1 , m 1 = 1/2 and |F 2 , m 2 = −1/2 [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual atomic interferometer with a tunable point of minimum magnetic sensitivity

Hamzeloui¹,

Martínez²,

Abediyeh³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. A

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Atomic interferometers are often affected by magnetic field fluctuations. Using the clock transition at zero magnetic field minimizes the effect of these fluctuations. There is another transition in rubidium that minimizes the magnetic sensitivity at 3.2 Gauss. We combine the previous two transitions to obtain minimum magnetic sensitivity at a tunable magnetic field between 2.2 and 3.2 Gauss. The two interferometers evolve independently from each other and we control the magnetic sensitivity by changing the population in both transitions with a microwave pulse.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual atomic interferometer with a tunable point of minimum magnetic sensitivity

Hamzeloui¹,

Martínez²,

Abediyeh³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. A

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“…Hence, if trap-induced fluctuations can be kept low, trapped atoms could not only define time with this resolution, but could also be adapted to measure other physical quantities like electromagnetic fields, accelerations or rotations with very high sensitivity. A founding step towards very long interrogation of trapped neutral atoms was made in our group through the discovery of spin self-rephasing [11] which sustains several tens of seconds coherence time [11][12][13]. This rivals trapped ion clocks, the best of which has shown 65 s interrogation time and a stability of 2 10 −14 at 1 s [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of a trapped-atom clock on a chip

et al. 2015

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We present a compact atomic clock interrogating ultracold 87 Rb magnetically trapped on an atom chip. Very long coherence times sustained by spin self-rephasing allow us to interrogate the atomic transition with 85% contrast at 5 s Ramsey time. The clock exhibits a fractional frequency stability of 5.8 × 10 −13 at 1 s and is likely to integrate into the 10 −15 range in less than a day. A detailed analysis of 7 noise sources explains the measured frequency stability. Fluctuations in the atom temperature (0.4 nK shot-to-shot) and in the offset magnetic field (5 × 10 −6 relative fluctuations shot-to-shot) are the main noise sources together with the local oscillator, which is degraded by the 30% duty cycle. The analysis suggests technical improvements to be implemented in a future second generation set-up. The results demonstrate the remarkable degree of technical control that can be reached in an atom chip experiment.

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“…It is therefore tempting to circumvent the problem of high motional temperature by constructing a spin model in such a way that the motional and spin degrees of freedom are effectively decoupled. We provide a recipe for such a decoupling and hence for realizing spin models with thermal atoms.The first crucial ingredient for implementing such a spin model is to depart from second-order superexchange interactions and use contact interactions to first order [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. As shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Realizing exactly solvableSU(N)magnets with thermal atoms

et al. 2016

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We show that n thermal fermionic alkaline-earth-metal atoms in a flat-bottom trap allow one to robustly implement a spin model displaying two symmetries: the S n symmetry that permutes atoms occupying different vibrational levels of the trap and the SU(N ) symmetry associated with N nuclear spin states. The symmetries make the model exactly solvable, which, in turn, enables the analytic study of dynamical processes such as spin diffusion in this SU(N ) system. We also show how to use this system to generate entangled states that allow for Heisenberg-limited metrology. This highly symmetric spin model should be experimentally realizable even when the vibrational levels are occupied according to a high-temperature thermal or an arbitrary nonthermal distribution.DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.93.051601The study of quantum spin models with ultracold atoms [1,2] promises to give crucial insights into a range of equilibrium and nonequilibrium many-body phenomena from quantum spin liquids [3] and many-body localization [4] to quantum quenches [5][6][7] and quantum annealing [8]. While other approaches exist [9][10][11][12], the most common approach taken to implement a quantum spin model with ultracold atoms relies on preparing a Mott insulator in an optical lattice, where the internal states of atoms on each site define the effective spin [1,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Virtual hopping processes to neighboring sites and back then give rise to effective superexchange spin-spin interactions. Since the superexchange interactions are typically very weak ( kHz) [1] (unless the traps are operated near surfaces, which can reduce spacings and increase energy scales [20][21][22]), it is a significant challenge in experimental cold-atom physics to achieve temperatures and decoherence rates low enough to access superexchange-based quantum magnetism.Since ultracold atoms can be prepared in specific internal (i.e., spin) states with extremely high precision, spin temperatures that can be realized are much lower than the experimentally achievable motional temperatures. It is therefore tempting to circumvent the problem of high motional temperature by constructing a spin model in such a way that the motional and spin degrees of freedom are effectively decoupled. We provide a recipe for such a decoupling and hence for realizing spin models with thermal atoms.The first crucial ingredient for implementing such a spin model is to depart from second-order superexchange interactions and use contact interactions to first order [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. As shown in Fig. 1(a), this can be achieved if all atoms sit in different orbitals of the same anharmonic trap and remain in these orbitals throughout the evolution, which is a good approximation for weak interactions [23][24][25]30,31]. In that case, the occupied orbitals play the role of the sites of the spin Hamiltonian. However, because of high motional temperature in such systems, every run of the experiment typically yields a different set of populated orbitals and hence a diff...

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Spin Self-Rephasing and Very Long Coherence Times in a Trapped Atomic Ensemble

Cited by 176 publications

References 24 publications

Dual atomic interferometer with a tunable point of minimum magnetic sensitivity

Dual atomic interferometer with a tunable point of minimum magnetic sensitivity

Stability of a trapped-atom clock on a chip

Realizing exactly solvableSU(N)magnets with thermal atoms

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