Spin states of<i>para</i>-water and<i>ortho</i>-water molecule in gas and liquid phases

Konyukhov, V. K.

doi:10.1080/00319100903456154

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Water can be divided into ortho - and para -ion water based on the spin of hydrogen protons. Ortho 102 denotes the same spin, and para 103 denotes the opposite spin. Ortho is used 75% more than para at room temperature and pressure.…”

Section: Magnetic Field-enhanced Electrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in catalyst design and activity enhancement induced by a magnetic field for electrocatalysis

et al. 2023

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Section: Magnetic Field-enhanced Electrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in catalyst design and activity enhancement induced by a magnetic field for electrocatalysis

et al. 2023

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“…An extension of accessible spin states by 2D and 3D subspaces supposes that 2D and 3D spin states are mixed quantum states with equal weights 1/2 or 1/3 of pure states involved. An idea about mixed spin states in experiments with spin isomers of water molecules has been published in [6].…”

Section: Spin Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now there exists a point of view on capability of solid surfaces to produce the ortho-para non-equilibrium in water vapor which divides all solid matters into active and non-active depending on the appearance of non-equilibrium in experimental test. Usually, it is observed the magnification of amount of the ortho-isomer in gas phase [6], [7]. But there is only one experiment with the liquid glycerol where an enrichment by para-isomer has been observed [16].…”

Section: Spin Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It turns out, that simple quantum models for different degrees of freedom of the water molecule which have been developed today are not suitable to describe a relatively simple physical situation as a system of water vapor interacting with solid surface [13], [4], [14]. Additional complexities of the water-surface system comes to light when one considers a non-equilibrium state of spin isomers of water molecule [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Spin Isomers of Water Molecule

Konyukhov¹

2015

ujpa

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It is proposed the new model of interplay of water molecule with solid surface, where molecules get new physical properties the result of which one can see, for example, in the fall of vapor pressure of 1/3 compared to its original value. The water molecule loses two of three translation degrees of freedom, it loses also the full rotational spectrum but obtains mixed spin states instead of the pure original spin state which is provided by two protons inside the molecule. By taking into account the significant change in properties of molecules one can assert that the new spin isomers may exist under the certain environmental conditions. The predictions of the model are compared with experimental data within two adsorption models, one of which corresponds to the conventional case which suggests of keeping molecules on surface, and another case where molecules are found in gas. Two forms of the interpretation of experimental data give good results. The mathematical constructions of the Hopf map and of the geometric algebras are used during the creation of molecular models.

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“…It is known an estimation of the intra-molecular exchange frequency ν=2.7 MHz of protons. In the case of intermolecular exchange we have to reduce this value by a factor of 4-5 because the exchange frequency is proportional to 1/r 3 , where r is the distance between protons [18], [17], [20], [19]. The lifetime in adsorption state τ during which the water molecules will be converted from free into latent and vice versa is about ∼ 1µs.…”

Section: Spin States Of Moleculementioning

confidence: 99%

The Water Molecule with Conjoint Translational, Rotational and Spin Degrees of Freedom in the Gas and Liquid Phases

Konyukhov¹

2014

ujpa

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The theoretical model of water molecule is created which gives an opportunity to understand what happen with translational, rotational and spin degrees of freedom when molecule makes transitions from gas into liquid phase and vice versa. Translational degrees of freedom are considered classically but rotational and spin degrees of freedom are treated according to quantum-mechanical rules. The model is based on the mathematical techniques of geometric algebras over the field of real numbers.Unusual properties of water molecules with conjoint degrees of freedom compared to usual or free molecules are predicted and denoted as latent in future. The latent molecules have not the full rotational spectrum but possess three isolated rotational levels only. The latent molecules are capable of moving along straight lines at finite distances in 3D-space. The latent molecules conserve all their degrees of freedom during the transition from gas into liquid phase.

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Spin states ofpara-water andortho-water molecule in gas and liquid phases

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Recent advances in catalyst design and activity enhancement induced by a magnetic field for electrocatalysis

Recent advances in catalyst design and activity enhancement induced by a magnetic field for electrocatalysis

New Spin Isomers of Water Molecule

The Water Molecule with Conjoint Translational, Rotational and Spin Degrees of Freedom in the Gas and Liquid Phases

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