2017
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00612
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Spinal Cord Excitability and Sprint Performance Are Enhanced by Sensory Stimulation During Cycling

Abstract: Spinal cord excitability, as assessed by modulation of Hoffmann (H-) reflexes, is reduced with fatiguing isometric contractions. Furthermore, spinal cord excitability is reduced during non-fatiguing arm and leg cycling. Presynaptic inhibition of Ia terminals is believed to contribute to this suppression of spinal cord excitability. Electrical stimulation to cutaneous nerves reduces Ia presynaptic inhibition, which facilitates spinal cord excitability, and this facilitation is present during arm cycling. Althou… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Stimulation of the sural nerve was evoked using surface electrodes placed 1–2 cm posterior-inferior to the lateral malleolus of the fibula of the right leg. Similar to previous studies (Dragert and Zehr 2011, 2013; Loadman and Zehr 2007; Pearcey et al 2017; Zehr et al 2012) a Grass S88 stimulator with SIU5 stimulus isolation and a CCU1 constant current unit (Astro-Med Grass Instrument, West Warwick, RI, USA) was used to deliver stimuli with a single 15 ms duration train consisting of 5 × 1.0 ms square pulses at 300 Hz (P511 Astro-Med Grass Instrument). Perceptual and radiating thresholds (RT) were determined as the minimal stimulation intensity to produce a perceptible sensation and the point at which a stimulus produced radiating paresthesia in the entire cutaneous receptive field (lateral border and heel).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Stimulation of the sural nerve was evoked using surface electrodes placed 1–2 cm posterior-inferior to the lateral malleolus of the fibula of the right leg. Similar to previous studies (Dragert and Zehr 2011, 2013; Loadman and Zehr 2007; Pearcey et al 2017; Zehr et al 2012) a Grass S88 stimulator with SIU5 stimulus isolation and a CCU1 constant current unit (Astro-Med Grass Instrument, West Warwick, RI, USA) was used to deliver stimuli with a single 15 ms duration train consisting of 5 × 1.0 ms square pulses at 300 Hz (P511 Astro-Med Grass Instrument). Perceptual and radiating thresholds (RT) were determined as the minimal stimulation intensity to produce a perceptible sensation and the point at which a stimulus produced radiating paresthesia in the entire cutaneous receptive field (lateral border and heel).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Mixed evidence (decrease 32,43 ) (no change 38,54 ) Presynaptic inhibition α-motoneuron excitability Limited evidence (increase 45 ) Group III/IV afferent firing Increases during maximal intensity exercise, effect on performance unclear 46,65 Reduced Ia facilitation Reduced spinal loop excitability 51 and increased presynaptic inhibition (indirect evidence 51 ) contribute to or occur with reduced performance during maximal intensity exercise based on current evidence primarily derived from maximal cycling exercise. Regarding cortical output, this is commonly estimated via the delivery of TMS over the motor cortex to estimate VA (VA TMS ).…”
Section: Motor Cortical Outputmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Only one study has used this technique in response to maximal intensity repeated sprint cycling, consisting of 7 × 10 seconds sprints. 51 The study assessed the effects of repeated sprints on pre-synaptic inhibition of the spinal reflex pathway by utilizing stimulation of cutaneous afferents of the foot, which is known to reduce presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents. 63 Concurrently, the study measured H-reflex amplitude with and without cutaneous stimulation to assess the effect of exercise-induced changes in pre-synaptic inhibition on spinal loop excitability.…”
Section: Motor Cortical Outputmentioning
confidence: 99%
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