Spinal Cord Injury in Youth

Apple, David F.; Anson, Carol A.; Hunter, J. D.; Bell, Raheem

doi:10.1177/000992289503400205

Cited by 57 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…1,13 The era of initial treatment and the long time scale of retrospective selection may have in¯uenced some of the characteristics, and largely accounts for the response rate (42%) from those we attempted to contact. The proportion of subjects with tetraplegia and incomplete lesions is less than in some recent reports 1,14,15 but this study shares with many previous publications on childhood onset SCI the potential confounding association of younger age at injury with paraplegia and paraplegia with complete lesions. 16±18 Scoliosis (a) Consistent with previous clinical and radiological assessments, this study found that more severe scoliosis related to younger age at onset of paralysis.…”

Section: Study Groupsupporting

confidence: 76%

The effect of childhood spinal cord injury on skeletal development: a retrospective study

et al. 1999

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Study design: Cross-sectional clinical review. Objectives: To assess the relationship between late spinal deformity in childhood onset spinal cord injury (SCI) and level of spinal cord lesion, severity of lesion, age at onset, duration of paralysis and pelvic deformities. Setting: People with spinal cord injury (onset in childhood) treated and followed up at the National Spinal Injuries Center (identi®ed from case notes review, contacted and agreed to participate). Method: One hundred and eighty-nine subjects satisfying study inclusion criteria (acute onset SCI before the 16th birthday) were identi®ed by case note review of 8200 records. Eighty formed the group attending for clinical review including whole spine radiographs (AP and lateral). Clinical examination included neurological status and joint range of movements. Demographic data was recorded. Results: Scoliosis occurred more frequently and was more severe in those injured at a younger age, 388, compared with 248 in those injured later (P50.05), in paraplegia, 338, versus tetraplegia, 178, (P50.01) and in complete, 368, versus incomplete lesions, 188, (P50.001). Lordosis angulation in paraplegic subjects was signi®cantly greater than in tetraplegic subjects in both seated, 508 versus 258 (P50.014) and standing subjects 788 versus 598 (P50.017) respectively and for kyphosis in standing subjects, 528 versus 318 (P50.01). Sagittal measurements were in¯uenced by habitual posture (which also corresponded to the severity of the lesion). Conclusion: Younger age at onset was shown to be associated with more severe scoliosis, as has been reported by others. Subjects with paraplegia and complete lesions demonstrated a greater and more frequently occurring scoliosis than those with tetraplegia and incomplete lesions respectively. Lordosis was greater in those with paraplegia than with tetraplegia and in those with very incomplete lesions compared with complete lesions. However the in¯uence of the severity of the lesion cannot be separated from the postural position when analyzing spinal deformity.

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Section: Study Groupsupporting

confidence: 76%

The effect of childhood spinal cord injury on skeletal development: a retrospective study

et al. 1999

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“…15 Boys dominate the injuries among children, which was higher than previous studies. [16][17][18] In this study, the only girl in the child population was injured as a pedestrian, whereas the cause of injury was more diverse among the boys.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traumatic spinal cord injury among children and adolescents; a cohort study in western Norway

2011

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Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the temporal trends in the incidence and demographic characteristics of traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) among children and adolescents in a geographically defined cohort in western Norway during 1952-2001. Methods: The patients included in this study were identified from the hospital records. Results: Of 336 patients, 13 (3.9%) patients were 0-14 years at time of injury, and 44 (13.1%) patients were 15-19 years at time of injury. The average age-adjusted incidence was 2.4 per million children and 25.1 per million adolescences. Children were injured in car and pedestrian accidents, whereas adolescences were injured in car and motorcycle accidents. Conclusions: The age-adjusted incidence of TSCI among the adolescents increased, whereas the ageadjusted incidence among children remained low during the 50 years. TSCI was highly associated with car and pedestrian accidents among children. Among adolescence, TSCI was associated with car and motorcycle accidents. Awareness of these factors is important in prevention planning strategies.

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“…Lesions with complete sensorimotor restitution were also included, as defined by ASIA Impairment Scale grade E, 17 if there was documented evidence of symptoms and signs of SCI with a duration of at least 2 weeks postinjury. 18 Sources Three types of sources were used: (1) Nationwide Inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria (Table 1) The procedure of finding the children and the verification of the diagnosis is fully described in our paper Pediatric Spinal Cord Injury in Sweden. How to identify a cohort of rare events.…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 During the last decade, especially in the USA, childhood SCI have received increasing coverage in the literature. This subgroup has special needs because of the ongoing physical, intellectual, psychological and social development that characterizes the child and teenager.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%