Spinal Extradural Benign Synovial or Ganglion Cyst: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Pendleton, Bruce D.; Carl, Barton; Pollay, Michael

doi:10.1227/00006123-198309000-00021

Cited by 148 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…Many authors have suggested that such synovial cysts are connected to the degenerated facet joints, or occasionally to the ligamentum¯avum, while some provided evidence that the lesion emanated from the facet joint. 8 ± 11,13,14 The reports by these authors: Awwad et al, 9 Maresca et al 1 and Pendleton et al 15 are the only ones where there is a discussion of the possibility of ganglion cysts originating from tissues other than the facet joint. To our knowledge, few reports have previously discussed a ganglion cyst with features strongly suggestive of a posterior longitudinal ligament origin.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganglion cyst of the posterior longitudinal ligament causing lumbar radiculopathy: case report

et al. 1997

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We describe a man aged 26 years who presented with a neurological syndrome, which was found on lumbar radioculopathy to be due to a ganglion cyst originating from the posterior longitudinal ligament. Based on MRI ®ndings, a cystic lesion was suspected, a round lesion at L4 level with no connection to the adjacent facet or to the dura matter. During surgery, a liquid-containing cystic lesion was found to originate from the posterior longitudinal ligament at L4 level. The resected cyst was diagnosed histologically as a ganglion cyst. A complete cure was established after surgery and no recurrence was noted at a follow-up 1.7 years postoperatively. A ganglion cyst of the posterior longitudinal ligament should be considered in the di erential diagnosis of a cyst in the lumbar region causing neurological complications.

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Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganglion cyst of the posterior longitudinal ligament causing lumbar radiculopathy: case report

et al. 1997

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“…27) The terms spinal synovial and ganglion cyst are used interchangeably, but these two lesions can be clearly distinguished by the presence or absence of a synovial lining membrane. 14) The term`juxtafacet cyst' was proposed for all cysts located adjacent to the facet joint or arising from and growing into the ligamentum flavum, 15) although these cysts were described as`spinal degenerative articular cyst' more recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lumbar Synovial Cysts: Experience With Nine Cases

Ayberk

Ozveren

Gok

et al. 2008

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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Nine patients treated surgically for lumbar spinal synovial cyst were reviewed. Four patients had synovial, two had ganglion, one had posterior longitudinal ligament, and two had ligamentum flavum cyst. Synovial cysts had a single layer of epithelial cells in the inner layer of the cyst with continuity with the facet joint. Ganglion cyst had no continuity with the facet joint and epithelial lining was present in one and absent in one case. Posterior longitudinal ligament and ligamentum flavum cysts had no continuity with the facet joint and no epithelial lining. Magnetic resonance imaging showed the cysts better than computed tomography. All patients treated for nerve root compression or lumbar spinal canal narrowing. One patient suffered recurrence 1 year later and was reoperated. Operative results were excellent in six and good in three patients. Lumbar spinal synovial cysts should be considered in differential diagnosis of lumbar radiculopathy/neurogenic claudication and is surgically treatable.

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“…Anatomical continuity with the synovial sheaths of the joint cavities from which the cyst probably originates may not always be observed.While synovial cysts are quite a frequent occurrence in joints and tendon sheaths [3,10,23], especially in the joints of the hands and wrists [45], they are very rare in the spine [13,18,25,40,47,62]. In the lumbar spine 220 cases have been described [1,2,16,21,28,34,38,40,43,45,48,51,[54][55][56]60].…”

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Cervical synovial cysts: case report and review of the literature

Lunardi

Acqui

Ricci

et al. 1999

European Spine Journal

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IntroductionSynovial cysts are cystic dilatations of the synovial sheaths; they are bordered not only by the connectival tissue structures of these sheaths but also by the mono-or pluri-stratified cuboid synovial epithelium. Anatomical continuity with the synovial sheaths of the joint cavities from which the cyst probably originates may not always be observed.While synovial cysts are quite a frequent occurrence in joints and tendon sheaths [3,10,23], especially in the joints of the hands and wrists [45], they are very rare in the spine [13,18,25,40,47,62]. In the lumbar spine 220 cases have been described [1,2,16,21,28,34,38,40,43,45,48,51,[54][55][56]60].The incidence of synovial cysts with a cervical location was evaluated, with reference to veterinary literature too [15], and was found to be an occurrence specific to humans, of which, to our knowledge, only 22 cases have been reported to date.We describe another case of cervical synovial cyst and discuss the pathological, etiopathogenetic, and clinical aspects of this rare pathology. Case reportA 58-year-old man was referred to us with a progressive spastic paraparesis, which had started 8 months earlier. About 2 months prior to admission, he had begun to suffer from genital-sphincteric ailments such as urinary retention and difficult erection.Examination revealed a severe motor deficit in the lower limbs (he was able to raise his legs while lying in bed for a few seconds only), as well as an increased response to knee and ankle jerks. There was superficial and deep hypoesthesia below C8 and apallesthesia below the iliac crests. There was also urinary retention, which required catheterization. AbstractThe authors describe the case of a 58-year-old man with a 6-month history of severe myelopathy. CT scan and MRI of the spine revealed a cystic formation, measuring about 1 cm in diameter, at C7-T1 at a right posterolateral site at the level of the articular facet. At operation the mass appeared to originate from the ligamentum flavum at the level of the articular facet and was in contact with the dura mater. Once the mass had been removed, there was a significant amelioration of the patient's symptoms. As previously suspected, histological aspect was synovial cyst. Cervical synovial cysts are extremely rare and, as far as we know, only 22 cases have so far been described in the literature. Diagnostic radiological investigations used were CT scan and MRI. At CT scan the most important diagnostic findings are a posterolateral juxtafacet location of the mass, egg-shell calcifications on the wall of the cyst, and air inside the cyst. At MRI the contents of the cyst are iso/hypointense on T1-and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. There may also be a hypointense rim on T2-weighted images, which enhances after i.v. administration of gadolinium. Surgical treatment consists of removal of the mass. Fixation of the vertebral segments involved is not always necessary.

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Spinal Extradural Benign Synovial or Ganglion Cyst: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Abstract: A lumbar spinal extradural ganglion cyst is reported, and the world literature on spinal ganglion cysts is reviewed. The clinical presentation, findings, etiology, and pathogenesis of these lesions are discussed.

Cited by 148 publications

References 0 publications

Ganglion cyst of the posterior longitudinal ligament causing lumbar radiculopathy: case report

Ganglion cyst of the posterior longitudinal ligament causing lumbar radiculopathy: case report

Lumbar Synovial Cysts: Experience With Nine Cases

Cervical synovial cysts: case report and review of the literature

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