Spinal Infections: An Update

Tsantes, Andreas G.; Papadopoulos, Dimitrios V.; Vrioni, Georgia; Sioutis, Spyridon; Sapkas, George; Benzakour, Ahmed; Benzakour, Thami; Angelini, Andrea; Ruggieri, Pietro; Mavrogenis, Andreas F.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8040476

Cited by 119 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In an approach to such patients with involving adjacent disc space, differential diagnosis should include neoplasm and bacterial infection. In some conditions of spinal infections, patients' symptoms with no fever can be very similar to those of other spinal lesions, and imaging ndings can be non-speci c or atypical, laboratory examinations including white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are inconclusive, thus differential diagnosis is warranted [15,16]. In these cases, biopsy is paramount to con rm diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma: The Unusual Case with Involvement of Adjacent Disc Space

Tan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Solitary plasmacytoma of the bone (SPB) is a rare manifestation of plasma cell tumor that usually presents as a osteolytic lesion mainly localized within the axial skeleton and the back pain is a common clinical feature.Case presentation: This case report discussed a 57-year-old male presented with low back pain caused by SBP. In this case, there is an even rarer phenomenon presented as osteolytic destruction in T7 to T9 vertebral bodies with involvement of adjacent disc spaces. This case report provided a comprehensive description of the radiographic assessment, medical management, and differential diagnosis.Conclusions: This is the first discussion focusing on differential diagnosis between spinal neoplasm and infectious diseases about SBP with involvement of adjacent disc space.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma: The Unusual Case with Involvement of Adjacent Disc Space

Tan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…It is best to inform the microbiologist about the suspicion so that appropriate tests are carried out. Another important feature in NTM infections that helps in early diagnosis is a positive smear for acid-fast bacilli and negative GeneXpert [ 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 ]. The incidence of these infections is sizeable.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The other diagnoses to be entertained are tumors and pigmented villonodular synovitis in the appendicular skeleton, herniated disc, canal stenosis, and mechanical back pain in cases of spinal TB [ 78 , 79 ].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Osteoarticular Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Osteoarticular Tuberculosis: Perceptions, Protocols, Practices, and Priorities in the Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas of the World—A WAIOT View

Agashe

Johari²,

Shah³

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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There has been a major resurgence of tuberculosis (TB) and drug-resistant tuberculosis in the last few decades. Although it has been brought under control in most Western countries, it is still a major cause of death in endemic regions like India. Osteoarticular tuberculosis (OA TB) forms a small proportion of the total cases of tuberculosis. Perceptions and practices of orthopedic surgeons are entirely different in endemic and non-endemic regions around the world, due to the vast difference in exposure. Literature from endemic areas puts stress on clinico-radiological diagnosis and empirical anti-tubercular treatment (ATT). Such practices, although non-invasive, simple to implement, and economical, carry a significant risk of missing TB mimics and developing drug resistance. However, OA TB is still perceived as a “diagnostic enigma” in non-endemic regions, leading to a delay in diagnosis. Hence, a high index of suspicion, especially in a high-risk population, is needed to improve the diagnosis. Evolving drug resistance continues to thwart efforts to control the disease globally. This review article discusses the perceptions and practices in different parts of the world, with India as an example of the endemic world, and lays down priorities for overcoming the challenges of diagnosing osteoarticular TB.

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“…Spinal infections are particularly detrimental due to the fact that considerable destruction to the profile of the spine might cause neurological deficits and removal of an implant might lead to loss of correction, as well as stability of the spine [ 20 ]. Because of the frequently protracted course of the disease, patients often suffer from significant pain over a long period of time, which puts them at risk of pain chronification [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Risk Factors for Pain Chronification in Patients Suffering from Infections of the Spine

Zhao

Hemmer

Pepke

et al. 2020

JCM

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Background: Spinal infections represent a therapeutic challenge. The often protracted course of the disease is accompanied by pain, which can lead to a chronic pain experience even after the infectious disease has been treated successfully. The aim of this study was to investigate possible risk factors of pain chronification. Methods: In a prospective study, 14 patients with spinal infections were examined at admission (T1), at discharge from inpatient therapy (T2), and three to eight months postoperatively (T3) byquestionnaires on risk factors for pain chronification and by quantitative sensory testing (QST). Results: In-patient treatment lasted on average 45.3 days (±33.13). The patients complained of pain for 3.43 months (±2.77) prior to inpatient treatment. The visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain (0–10) and the Oswestry Disability Index detected significant improvement in the course of the study. However, patients also reported catastrophic thinking, as well as fear of movement and (re)-injury. Conclusion: In summary, our results demonstrate that patients with spinal infections did not suffer from pain chronification, but might benefit from an interdisciplinary therapeutic approach, which emphasizes promoting active pain-coping strategies, as well as addressing fear of movement and catastrophic thinking.

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Spinal Infections: An Update

Cited by 119 publications

References 91 publications

Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma: The Unusual Case with Involvement of Adjacent Disc Space

Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma: The Unusual Case with Involvement of Adjacent Disc Space

Diagnosis of Osteoarticular Tuberculosis: Perceptions, Protocols, Practices, and Priorities in the Endemic and Non-Endemic Areas of the World—A WAIOT View

Investigation of Risk Factors for Pain Chronification in Patients Suffering from Infections of the Spine

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