Spinal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: A case report of a rare malignant tumor

Abstract

Background: Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is an uncommon malignant variant of chondrosarcoma that mainly affects the bones and cartilaginous tissues, but may rarely involve the spine. Careful preoperative planning for surgical tumor removal and spine reconstruction is mandatory and must be based on oncologic and surgical staging. Case Description: Over 1 month, a 16-year-old female became paraplegic with a T9 sensory level and urinary dysfunction. The magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intraspinal extradural T7-T9 mass that was isointense in T1W1 and markedly enhanced with gadolinium. The patient underwent gross-total tumor resection followed by an osteoplastic laminectomy with fusion. The histological examination was consistent with a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. She had received radiation and chemotherapy. One year later, she was readmitted for tumor recurrence with multiple metastases involving L1, the lung, and peritoneum. Despite full course of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, she died after 6 months of the second surgery. Conclusion: Total resection of mesenchymal chondrosarcomas is the gold standard for treatment and is typically followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy. However, the status of residual tumor, local extension, and or metastases best determine the overall survival which may prove extremely limited.

Clinical diagnostic and radiographic features of a primary intradural spinal chondrosarcoma in a young adult: illustrative case

“… 3 A spinal intradural location is exceptionally rare, with only 22 cases reported in the literature including our current case ( Table 1 ). 2 , 23 Most cases occur in the thoracic or upper lumbar spine regions. 7 , 17 , 19 , 21 A wide range of genetic pathways and mutations have been implicated, the most prominent of which is a fusion of HEY::NCOA2 that has been correlated with increased diagnostic accuracy of MCS.…”

“…Of the 22 reported cases, 10 underwent resection alone, 7 underwent resection plus adjuvant radiation, and 5 underwent resection plus adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy ( Table 1 ), with only 2 total cases of recurrence. 2 , 7 , 10 , 14 , 17 , 19 , 23 …”

Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma from Diagnosis to Clinical Trials

“…According to Mendenhall et al, patients with R1 resected MCS or those not amenable to complete resection should be considered for adjuvant or definitive RT [ 78 ]. Nevertheless, radical R0 resection of mesenchymal chondrosarcomas is the gold standard for treatment, especially in spinal location [ 83 ]. Microsurgical technique should cover the initial debulking followed by the removal of residual tissue up to normal margins free from ChSa [ 84 ].…”

Condrosarcoma mesenquimatoso espinal primario. Reporte de caso y revisión de la literatura

“…1 El condrosarcoma es el tercer tumor óseo más común después del mieloma y el osteosarcoma, y el segundo tumor espinal maligno más común (representa 12% de todas las neoplasias espinales). 2 Las vértebras torácicas se ven afectadas con mayor frecuencia. 2 Los condrosarcomas mesenquimales representan menos de 10% de todos los condrosarcomas y, como resultado, no se conocen bien.…”

“…2 Las vértebras torácicas se ven afectadas con mayor frecuencia. 2 Los condrosarcomas mesenquimales representan menos de 10% de todos los condrosarcomas y, como resultado, no se conocen bien. 1 Aunque se cree que la mayoría de estos tumores se originan en el hueso, 50% de los casos reportados tienen un origen extraóseo.…”